A Short History Of Emergency Shelters

Natural disasters happen as an effect of natural hazards; they can rarely be predicted and cause financial and human losses

. The only thing that can be done to help endangered areas is to build shelters and other types of structures where people can take cover when the need arises.

Since the prehistoric era, man has been preoccupied with finding refuge for the times when the elements proved to be stronger than he was. Thus, retreats started being built out of all kinds of materials: wood, animal skins, rocks. Their efficiency left a lot to be desired, but at the time that was the only way to go. Afterward, as time went by and technology progressed, the structures people used for shelter became more resistant and more complex.

During World War II and the Cold War, nuclear war rumors and threats started to appear. Because of this, country leaders from all over the world started encouraging the population to build underground bunkers or shelters and stock them with supplies so they could be ready to use for cover at any time.

After the war, specialists started projecting habitats that could withstand the attacks of both natural elements and terrorists. Buckminster Fuller, an American inventor, designed the geodesic dome, a type of structure that can even hold up to powerful hurricanes. Versions of the dome are still used today in the forms of Q-Shelters and U-Domes. They are made out of rather cheap materials and take very little time to put up.

Today, shelters can be built out of concrete, sand bags, barbed wire, even mud, depending on the available materials, the climate in which they will be deployed and their intended use. Some of them have been known to last up to a year an a half and can house various numbers of people.

The latest "trend" in sheltering is for people to build such structures in their own homes or on their land, using bricks, steel and recently even fiberglass. These constructions can house a single family, hold a large amount of supplies and are most useful in areas that are prone to disasters.

by: Jack Wogan.

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