About The Telescope

Galileo, the great Italian scientist, was the first man to use a telescope for studying the stars

. This was not much more than three hundred years ago. Galileo's telescope was very weak compared to modern ones, but it changed the study of astronomy immediately. He saw that the Milky Way is not merely a bright cloud of "stardust" but is in fact millions of stars. He proved there were other planets that had not been recognized before. Without the telescope, the eye can see about six thousand stars. The latest telescopes, such as the ones on Mount Wilson and Mount Palomar in California, bring billions of stars into sight. As we watch the stars, they seem to be moving through the sky. But it is the Earth that is really moving. The Earth is always turning like a top. As it turns, half of it always faces the sun and has "daylight," while the other half is away from the sun and has darkness. There are always stars all around the world, but in the daylight the brightness of the sunshine keeps us from seeing them. So the stars seem to disappear in the daytime and appear again at night. While it turns, the Earth is also traveling at a high rate of speed around the sun. It travels in a curve that is called its orbit. Look at the sky some night and observe the positions of some stars. Then look two hours later. The stars will seem to have moved to the west. A month later, the stars will be even farther to the west, while in the eastern part of the sky there will be some stars we could not see before. That is because the Earth has moved to a different position. It takes the Earth a year to complete its orbit, so a year later the position of the stars will look exactly the same again. Wherever you stand on Earth, you see one particular portion of the sky. Change to a different place and you will see a different part of the sky. In the United States and Canada, we are in the Northern Hemisphere. We do not see the same stars that are seen in Brazil or Argentina or other countries in the Southern Hemisphere, and they do not see the same stars that we do.

About The Telescope

By: David Bunch

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