Amphetamines, The Effects of Its Abuse
Amphetamine is used as a joint expression for numerous substances including methamphetamine
(Methedrine), laevoamphetamine (Benzedrine), amphetamine sulphate, and dextroamphetamine (Dexedrine). An insoluble oil base is used to produce the amphetamines. Usually it is used in the form of powder that may be made into capsules or tablets. However, it can be mixed with adulterants like ephedrine, sugar or glucose.
Effects of Usage
Amphetamines are usually psycho-stimulants and their main purpose is to boost up the activity of the brain and nervous system. The user experiences increased heart and breathing rate and also raised energy, alertness and confidence level. Amphetamines can be used in many ways it can be injected, smoked, taken orally or snorted.
Short-term Effects of Amphetamine Use:
- Dilation of the pupils
- Feelings of happiness and power
- Increased blood pressure
- Increased heart rate
- Reduced appetite
- Reduced fatigue
Long-term Effects of Amphetamine Use:
- Hallucinations
- Insomnia, restlessness
- "Paranoid psychosis"
- Tremors
- Violent and aggressive behavior-
- Weight loss
There are several others after effects, which include nervousness, tetchiness and palpitations. Consuming higher doses can cause faintness, panic attacks, heartbeat and headaches. Besides you can also have psychological and emotional problems like depression, extreme fierceness and obsession and insomnia. Some abusers can face amphetamine psychosis; a psychological disorder is more resembling schizophrenia goes along with paranoid hallucinations.
Effects on the Nervous System
Amphetamines excite the central nervous system and concerned division of the peripheral nervous system. It primarily boosts the synaptic activity of the dopamine and nor-epinephrine neurotransmitter systems. Amphetamines have the following effects on nervous system:
1. Block dopamine reuptake
2. Cause the release of dopamine from axon terminals
3. Inhibit the destruction of dopamine by enzymes
4. Inhibit the storage of dopamine in vesicles
They all affect neurotransmitter in the synaptic cleft and eventually act on receptors.
Withdrawal Symptoms
Most of the effects of amphetamines are analogous to cocaine. Extreme measures are required to avoid the amphetamines withdrawal symptoms. These symptoms appear when the effect of amphetamines begins to disappear. They usually cause severe lethargy and depression. One other major symptom is causing of tolerance to its effects, i.e. to get the desired effect more and more amphetamines are used.
This article precisely tells you about the effects brought about by the abuse of amphetamines so that you will keep yourself and your family safe from amphetamines' abusing.
Amphetamines, The Effects of Its Abuse
By: Tauqeer Ul Hassan
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