Awareness of sexually transmitted diseases and their precautions
Awareness of sexually transmitted diseases and their precautions
Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) or STIs (Sexually transmitted Infections) are a group of illnesses that can be transferred from one person to another through any type of sexual contact. STDs involve the transmission of a disease-causing organism from one person to another during sexual activity. It is important to realize that sexual contact includes more than just sexual intercourse (vaginal and anal). Sexual contact includes kissing, oral-genital contact, and the use of sexual "toys," such as vibrators.
Many STDs like Syphilis, Chlamydia, Gonorrhea, LGV, Scabies, Lice, Chancroid etc. are treatable, but effective cures are lacking for others, such as HIV, HPV, Herpes & hepatitis B and C. IT is important to note that people can have STDs without any symptoms (i.e., they are carriers). Therefore, public awareness and education about these infections and the methods of preventing them is important.
A medical examination may be necessary if a person believes he or she may have an STD or if he or she may have been exposed to someone with an STD. Being seen by a doctor as soon as possible after exposure to an STD is important; these infections can easily spread to others and can have serious complications.
Some STDs can be diagnosed without any tests at all. Other STDs require a blood test or a sample of any unusual fluid (such as an abnormal discharge from the vagina or the penis) to be analyzed in a lab to help establish a diagnosis.
People can avoid STDs by changing their sexual behavior. They can follow any of the ABCs:
a. Abstain from sex -This is the only guaranteed protection.
b. Be mutually faithful -Always have sex with the same person. This person must not have sex with any other person and must not have a STD.
c. Consistently use condoms -Use them every time and use them correctly. To prevent STDs, people at risk should use condoms even when they use another family planning method. The diaphragm and cervical cap may also help prevent some STDs.
Many STDs can be treated and cured, especially in their early stages. However a delay in treatment can lead to scarring or infertility:
To ensure adequate response to treatment, a person who thinks he or she may have STD should:
1. Get diagnosed and treated immediately.
2. Take all of the medicine according to instructions, even if the symptoms go away.
3. Avoid sex with anyone until three days after the treatment is finished and all symptoms are gone.
4. Tell his or her sex partner or partners so that they get treated too. Unless all sex partners are treated at the same time, they may infect each other again and again. It is especially important for a man to tell a woman. This is because many women do not have symptoms until the STD has reached a more serious stage.
Finally, do remember that you have a social responsibility too. If friends have symptoms, urge them to seek care. Urge them use condoms and/or spermicide and to see a health care provider for a check up. Important: You cannot usually tell whether a person has a STD, just by looking at him or her. People with STDs, including HIV, usually do not look sick.
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