Chip Antennas Reception And Transmission Capabilities

Good antenna design is a critical factor in obtaining good range and stable throughput in a wireless application

. This is especially true in low power and compact designs where antenna space is less than optimal. Chip antennas are tiny and it is surprising that they give as greater performance as the larger ceramic antennas; however chip antennas can provide excellent reception and transmission capabilities.

Numerous commercial chip antennas are available. At first glance, chip antennas appear to work for no apparent reason. However, careful investigation reveals that most of these antennas are based on a helix, meander, or patch design. To ensure proper operation, it is very important to follow the manufacturer's recommendations regarding footprint, ground areas, and mounting of the chip antenna.

Chip antennas are widely used in wireless communication devices such as cellular phones and personal digital assistants (PDAs), as well as in satellite radio applications. Chip antennas are also used as components in a satellite radio antenna. Satellite radio is a digital radio system that functions wherever there is line of sight between the radio antenna and the communications satellite. Chip antennas are also used in radio frequency identification applications, similar to the function that a barcode serves for inventory control or data collection.

Surface mounted dielectric chip antennas are electrically small antennas often used on small platforms such as mobile communications devices. They are characterised by having a block of dielectric material mounted on a non-ground area of a circuit board. Conductive tracks are printed on the dielectric block and it is these tracks that form the antenna rather than the dielectric material itself.

Most of the dielectric chip antennas are not stable against detuning, such as hand detuning when the antenna is deployed on a mobile device. Moreover, because the grounding arrangements of many of these chip antennas are crucial to their performance, the antenna performance is determined to some extent by the size and shape of the mounting board and the grounded area thereon. For example, a chip antenna may work well in the middle of one edge of the mounting board but not work well in one corner, or vice versa. It would therefore be desirable to provide an antenna having the advantage of the small size and cost of chip antennas but without the detuning and mounting sensitivities.

by: Chris Cowper

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