Chloroplatinic acid - China Medical Bandage - Quality Medical Supplies Manufacturer

Chloroplatinic acid - China Medical Bandage - Quality Medical Supplies Manufacturer

Production Chloroplatinic acid is produced by dissolving platinum metal sponge in aqua regia. This reaction is rumored to produce nitrogen-containing platinum compounds, but the product is H2PtCl6. Chloroplatinic acid is brownish-red, and can be isolated by evaporating this solution to a syrup. Pt + 4 HNO3 + 6 HCl H2PtCl6 + 4 NO2 + 4 H2O Alternative methods have been heavily investigated, but the older literature can be unreliable. Reactions When hexachloroplatinic acid is heated, it decomposes through platinum(IV) chloride, platinum(II) chloride, to elemental platinum, although the reactions do not occur stepwise, cleanly: (H3O)2PtCl6n H2O PtCl4 + 2 HCl + (n + 2) H2O PtCl4 PtCl2 + Cl2 PtCl2 Pt + Cl2 All three reactions are reversible. Applications Potassium determination See also: potassium hexachloroplatinate Chloroplatinic acid was popularized for the determination of potassium. The potassium is selectively precipitated as potassium chloroplatinate. Determinations were done in 85% (v/v) alcohol solutions with excess platinate ions, and the precipitated product was weighed. Potassium could be detected for solutions as dilute as 0.02 to 0.2% (m/v). This method for determination of potassium was advantageous vs. the cobaltinitrite method used previously, since it required a single precipitation reaction.[citation needed] Today, the concentration of potassium is determined with an ion-selective electrode. These modern methods remain subject to interference. Purification of platinum See also: ammonium hexachloroplatinate Treatment with an ammonium salt, such as ammonium chloride, gives ammonium hexachloroplatinate, which is very insoluble in ammonium solutions. Heating the ammonium salt in hydrogen reduces it to elemental platinum. Platinum is often isolated from ores or recycled from residues thus. Catalysis Like many platinum compounds, chloroplatinic acid is used in catalysis. This compound was first reported by John Speier and colleagues from Dow Corning Corporation to catalyze the reaction of silyl hydrides with olefins, hydrosilylation.(3) Typical of his reactions, Speier used isopropanol solutions containing trichlorosilane (SiHCl3), and methyldichlorosilane (CH3HSiCl2), with pentenes. Prior work on the addition of silanes to alkenes required radical reactions that were inefficient. It is generally agreed that chloroplatinic acid is a catalyst precursor, and more recent discussions have considered a possible role for colloidal platinum or zero-valent complexes. Related compounds Chloroplatinic acid prepared from aqua regia is occasionally contaminated with (NO)2PtCl6. This species is obtained by the reaction of nitrosyl chloride and Pt metal. References ^ Greenwood, N.N.; Earnshaw, A. (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (Second ed.). New York: Elsevier Butterworth-Heinemann. ISBN 978-0750633659. ^ George B. Kauffman (1967). "Ammonium Hexachloroplatinate(IV)". Inorganic Syntheses 9: 182185. doi:10.1002/9780470132401.ch51. ^ Paul Rudnick and R. D. Cooke (1917). "The Preparation of Hydrochloroplatinic Acid by means of Hydrogen Peroxide". J. Am. Chem. Soc. 39 (4): 633635. doi:10.1021/ja02249a011. ^ A. E. Schweizer, G. T. Kerr (1978). "Thermal Decomposition of Hexachloroplatinic Acid". Inorg. Chem. 17 (8): 23262327. doi:10.1021/ic50186a067. ^ G. F. Smith, J. L. Gring (1933). "The Separation and Determination of the Alkali Metals Using Perchloric Acid. V. Perchloric Acid and Chloroplatinic Acid in the Determination of Small Amounts of Potassium in the Presence of Large Amounts of Sodium". J. Am. Chem. Soc. 55 (10): 39573961. doi:10.1021/ja01337a007. ^ George B. Kauffman (1967). "Ammonium Hexachloroplatinate(IV)". Inorganic Syntheses 9: 182185. doi:10.1002/9780470132401.ch51. ^ Cotton, S. A. Chemistry of Precious Metals, Chapman and Hall (London): 1997. ISBN 0-7514-0413-6. ^ J. L. Speier, J. A. Webster, G. H. Barnes (1957). "The Addition of Silicon Hydrides to Olefinic Double Bonds. Part II. The Use of Group VIII Metal Catalysts". J. Am. Chem. Soc. 79 (4): 974979. doi:10.1021/ja01561a054. ^ John C. Saam, John L. Speier (1958). "The Addition of Silicon Hydrides to Olefinic Double Bonds. Part III. The Addition to Non-terminal Olefins in the Presence of Chloroplatinic Acid". J. Am. Chem. Soc. 80 (15): 4104. doi:10.1021/ja01548a073. ^ L. N. Lewis, K. G. Sy, G. L. Bryant and P. E. Donahue (1991). "Platinum-catalyzed hydrosilylation of alkynes". Organometallics 10 (10): 37503759. doi:10.1021/om00056a055. ^ R. T. Moravek, G. B. Kauffman and T. Mahmood (1967). "Nitrosyl Hexachloroplatinate(IV)". Inorganic Syntheses 9: 217220. doi:10.1002/9780470132555.ch63. Further reading A. E. Schweizer, G. T. Kerr (1978). "Thermal Decomposition of Hexachloroplatinic Acid". Inorg. Chem. 17 (8): 23262327. doi:10.1021/ic50186a067. Holleman, Wiberg (2001). Inorganic Chemistry (First ed.). New York: Academic Press. Categories: Coordination compounds | Platinum compounds | Chlorides | Inorganic compoundsHidden categories: All articles with unsourced statements | Articles with unsourced statements from October 2007

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