Computer Networking Basic Facts

A collection of two or more computers with communication between them through a medium is called a computer network

. When it came to the communication medium, it can be through radio waves, wires, infrared, optical fibers etc.

Computer network is an integral part of our daily lives, with the most important reason being that of communication. Its other database server, computer server, email, chat, internet etc. and the use of computer networking is also to share resources like fax machines, printers, modems, files and so on. The computer to which the resources are attached is called the server and the other computers that access the resource are called clients. In peer-to-peer computer networks there are no servers.

The sharing of fax machines, printers, and modems amongst many computers and users reduce the operational cost. As it stores and runs many important data and jobs, a database on a computer network is considered to be very important. Emails and chats can be used for instantaneous communication and sending of files on a computer network.

Depending upon the size, the computer networks are classified as Local Area Networks (LAN), Wide Area Networks (WAN), Metropolitan Area Networks (MAN) and Personal Area Networks (PAN). The topology, which is the way the computer networks and network resources are connected, of the networking can be classified as Bus Network, Ring Network and Star Network.

Wiring, network cards and a hub, is what the networking hardware basically consists of. In order for one computer to understand what the other is talking, computer networks are required. In order to computers on a computer network, network cards have a unique MAC address. All the computers in the network are connected by hubs. You can also use hubs to connect to other hubs to increase the size of the computer network. Using Ethernet cards or phone lines or power lines for communication with hardware kits available at roughly a cost of $100, two computers can be connected.

As the number of computers in an office or a home increases, so do the number of cables, so wireless networking is a viable solution. What happens in wireless networking is that radio transreceivers or infrared signals are used to communicate between computers and devices. Examples of wireless networking include Wi-fi and Bluetooth technology, though there may be security issues involved in wireless networking. But keep in mind that there is definitely a stronger preference towards wireless networking nowadays among consumers.

What computer networks have added is a new dimension to the 21st century. Unlike the real world, the cyber world today is much faster and wider. This has all been made possible due to computer networks. Computer networks have revolutionized business, communication, travel, research, defense, society and almost all human endeavors. The evolution of computer networks has helped the technological revolution take a big leap forward.

by: Samuel Lasater

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