Designing Wastewater Treatment Plants For Safety
Morrell Vrooman, Jr., Journal (Water Pollution Control Federation) Vol
. 41
Safety Equipment
Much has been thought and published on the subject of essential safety equipment. A partial list of essential equipment would include:
(a) portable air pump
(b) gas detection devices
(c) oxygen deficiency indicator
(d) gas masks
(e)
safety harnesses(f) safety tools (non-sparking)
(g) gloves, clothing, and washing and ingestion facilities in support of protection against infection, and
(h) signs cautioning of risky conditions (a carry on resort in the sphere of safety design and safety education).
It is very important to provide the best safety equipment especially with initial plant construction.
Safety Provisions
Stairs, not a
vertical height access ladder, ought to be present provided in the sphere of a treatment plant. At least, a ship's ladder or else spiral stairs ought to be present to be utilized. Non-slip treads and non-slip floor surfacing on material stairways are a must. Gratings can reduce the chance of ice and snow accumulation hazards.
Painting ought to provide light color in the sphere of darker areas. Top steps of stairways ought to be painted a distinctive bright color. Walking area of a concrete floor ought to be painted in contrasting color.
Plan guards in support of:
(a) exposed moving parts, of machinery and,
(b) hot piping, such as engine exhausts.
Design out:
(a) "Step overs" or else "low" piping in the sphere of walkways and,
(b) low overheads or else "head knockers."
Provide suitable lifting facilities. Acceptable arrangement of equipment improves both safety and operation.
Floor drains with gravity discharge to the wet well may well return odor and gases. Stream traps are not dependable for the reason that stream seals can evaporate. As a substitute, drain floors to a basement sump and at that moment pump through check-valved force mains to the wet well.
Lighting, both natural and unnatural, ought to be present and supplied effectively. Maximum natural ventilation ought to be presently provided. Enforced ventilation with nonstop or else intermittent operation controlled inevitably, or else by switches used to control lighting, is a must where explosive or else toxic gases may possibly be present at or else someplace where a oxygen deficiency may exist.
The engineer ought to aid the client to "design in"
protection competent employees. Personnel and facilities can be endangered by incompetent jobholders.
Fire Insurance Requirements and Costs
Approval of electrical design and installation is requisite to acceptance in support of fire insurance coverage. Illustrative of the hazard in the sphere of wastewater treatment plants is a 300-percent higher insurance cost in New York State than is the cost in industrial risks in the sphere of "extended" insurance coverage, plus loss through explosion.
Review of this matter by the New York Fire Insurance Rating Organization, New York Board of Fire Underwriters, American Insurance (formerly Board of Fire Underwriters), and the public Fire Protection Association emphasizes the fact that codes need revision to recognize the problems in the sphere of the wastewater treatment field.
In support of the public Fire Protective Association, W. I. Wallis, desk of the working group on Gases, writes that "the NFPA has the machinery to disseminate a public standard on the matter if the need exists." This is a release summons to the Water Pollution Control association to cooperate with such agencies in the sphere of humanizing public values which can enhance safety and slash insurance costs all through the country.
by:joe thorton
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