Different Types Of Fire Suppression

A complete Fire Suppression System is made up of a number of separate fire fighting devices

, designed to raise awareness of and control a fire before the emergency services arrive. FSS usually comprises of a minimum of three fire fighting methods, including alarms, extinguishers, sprinklers and fuel shut off points. Some of these are capable of completely extinguishing fires, although the emergency services should always be called. All the fire detection and extinguishing equipment that is used fall into one of three categories.

There are four broad types of sprinkler system; wet, dry pre action and deluge. They are installed according to the uses and needs of the room or building, but the wet system is most widely used. They are triggered by a heat activated 'bulb' in the centre of the valve which releases the water flow if heated to a certain temperature.

Archives, museums and computer rooms contain items which require protection not only from fire, but sometimes even elements in the atmosphere. For this reason, automatically triggered chemical suppression systems are often installed, which have been developed to stifle flames while minimising damage to the room's contents. Typical agents used include

Nitrogen, CO2 and Halon replacements.

Both GFS and extinguishers fall under the umbrella term of wet and dry chemical agents. These are discharged in a number of ways, with each of the devices containing different agents, suited to different fires. It is critically important that the correct agent is used on the correct type of fire, for example carbon dioxide for coking oil and foam on combustible liquids.

Others points in a fire suppression system may include sand buckets, fire blankets, hose pipes and hydrants to deliver water. These include dry and wet risers, which deliver water through pressurised pipes in tall buildings. Other may also include passive fire fighting equipment such as fire-resistant walls, floors and doors.

by: Trevor Watkins

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