The primary element in the DNS is the plethora collection of DNS servers
. The server is any computation registered jack that adjoins the DNS. It mans on special-purpose network software, basically featuring a widely used IP address as well as being the storage database for network labels and addresses for online website hosts. These servers will have mutual interaction with one another via private network protocols.
Basically all the servers are arranged in a Domain Name System hierarchy. At the highest peak of the chain lie the root-servers that contain the overall database of domain names existing in the internet and also their analogous IP addresses. The internet often integrates up to 13 root servers that have somehow become renowned for their unique roles in the system. These servers are maintained by multiple sovereign agencies and are fittingly labeled in alphabets beginning from A to M. Ten out of the 13 servers are inherent in the United States while the rest in London, UK; Japan and Stockholm, Sweden each.
As the DNS servers are distributed in a hierarchical scheme, only the top 13 has the content of domain names and the IP address in a database while the others that are employed at lower positions of the chain contain only specific bits of the entire database. The lowest levels of the servers are occupied by the Internet Service Providers (ISPs) or businesses. For instance, the Google remains multiple servers from various positions in the world that mans the google.co.uk or google.com. Besides, the ISP also contains a fraction of the whole internet connection setup.
The Domain Name System networking frame goes according to the server or client's architecture style. The web browser actually operates as a DNS client or also labeled as the DNS resolver and handle any issues delivered to the internet provider's serves during the navigation between the internet websites. Should the server receive any requests not being in its database, it will transform from the server to the DNS client. This is possible as the site may be rarely visited or situated geographically far.