History Of Persian Rugs

The Persian carpets or Persian rugs are the finest and the most beautiful expression of Iranian art and culture

. The Iranians were one of the earliest carpet weavers and most probably the first weavers of the prehistoric civilization. The history of Persian rugs records back to 2,500 years ago. With time, the Iranians accomplished the highest degree of perfection in creativity and originality that percolated among them through centuries. The expertise and know-how of carpet weaving has been passed down to generation after generation as a well-kept family secret.

To track the history of Persian rugs one must trace the cultural growth of the Persian civilization. It is said to be the worlds one of the greatest civilization human society has ever seen.

Carpet weaving had a simple beginning to cater the basic needs of life like protecting the nomadic people from cold and damp weather, covering the floor and the entrance of their tents etc. With time their exquisite creations made the kings and the nobles its dignified owners and this become a symbol of pride, prestige and substance of wealth.

History records that the artistic magnitude of carpet waving reached its peak in 5th century BC. In 1949, Rudenko and Griaznov, the Russian archaeologists, discovered a carpet that is recognized as the oldest known knotted carpet till date. It was unearthed in the valley of Pazyryk, 5000 ft up on the Mountains of Altai in Siberia. The Pazyryk rugs were woven with utmost technical skills reflecting its rare beauty. The knotted carpet was discovered from the tomb of a Scythian chief. It was preserved in a frozen form and was at least 2400-2500 years old. This carpet has now made its home in the Hermitage Museum of Leningrad. In the same area archeologist found another rug that dates back to first century BC.

Throughout the history of rugs the presence of Persian carpets remained very vital. It became the epicenter of skills taking the shape of an art form. The beauty of carpet struck Cyrus the Great, when he conquered Babylon way back in 539BC. He introduced the art of carpet weaving in Persia. History says that outstanding carpets adorned his empire that was founded by him 2500 years ago. It also depict s that Cyrus tomb at Pasargadae was wrapped up with expensive and valuable carpets

However, the first recorded account on the existence of the rugs was found in the Chinese test that dates back to Sassanid Dynasty during AD 224-614. During AD 628, the King Heraclius, after conquering Ctesiphon, the capital of Sassanian, brought with him variety of carpet. In AD637, the Arabs also carried with them various carpets after conquering Ctesiphon. Of them was the famous Spring time of Khosro the garden carpet. With time, this became the most valuable of the all time.

After the Arab domination, Persia was invaded and conquered by Turkish and Mongols, and it reached its pinnacle during Safavid dynasty. However, with the invasion of Afghans the carpet weaving declined largely. The last quarter of 19th century, carpet waving regained with the reign of Qajar ruler.

At present, Iran enjoy as the most sought after place for exquisite carpets. The Persian carpets have become a brand name worldwide for its quality, richness, colors, and designs.

by: VPR

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