History of Horse Racing

History of Horse Racing

History of Horse Racing

Horse racing has been popular around the world for centuries. Often referred to as "The Sport of Kings," it generally involves gambling, which means that it is a major source of revenue internationally. Horse racing generated approximately $115 billion (U.S. dollars) worldwide in 2008, proving that it will continue to be significant to cultures around the globe, as it has been for generations.

There are three types of horse racing: flat racing, steeple-chasing (racing over jumps), and harness racing (in which the horse pulls a driver in a cart). Equestrian activities have long been regarded as not only entertaining but also utilitarian, as soldiers were required to be excellent riders. For example, chariot racing was popular in Greek and Roman times, both as spectator entertainment and as a method of training.

Horse riding has remained popular largely because it is pleasurable and entertaining; it is no longer necessary to develop riding skills for battle, as it was centuries ago. Celebrated worldwide, horse riding was introduced as a sport in the United States relatively late -- in 1665, when the first racetrack was built on Long Island. By 1890 there were 314 racetracks in the United States. The American Jockey Club was founded in 1894. Although the popularity of racetracks declined as the American public's love of gambling crumbled, the industry made a comeback by 1908 and thrived until World War II. Horse riding did not become truly popular again until the advent of the Triple Crown, which consists of three races.

Of course, as noted earlier, horse riding is popular worldwide, not just in the United States. Canada has produced a number of successful race horses and also hosts major races such as the Queen's Place, the North America Cup, and the Pattison Canadian International. The Melbourne Cup in Australia entices riders from all over the globe. Horse racing is one of the most popular sports on the island of Mauritius; in fact, horses are imported for this purpose. In New Zealand, horse racing dates back to colonial times and continues to generate substantial yearly revenue.

Other countries that boast longstanding horse riding and racing traditions include South Africa, Ireland, France, Italy, and Great Britain. The Asian continent was also introduced to horse racing during the era of British colonialism, and racing continues to be popular and lucrative in Hong Kong, Malaysia, Singapore, India, Mongolia, South Korea, and Japan.

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