History of tobacco
Tobacco.
Tobacco.
History of tobacco is not known. Experts believe that tobacco as a plant formed in about 6000 BC. But after a 5000 years the people of America have begun to use this plant for smoking. At least the Indians of their gods are often represented with a pipe in his mouth, which, however, does not mean that they take the smoke into the lungs, as do current smokers of cigarettes.
By X Syria. Oe. tobacco has spread throughout America and, apparently, has become a cult of plants used for special ceremonies - religious or otherwise. By the period VI-X century AD. Oe. applies and the first known image of a smoker: for found in Guatemala, a clay vessel depicted Mayan Indians, smoking (?) rolled tobacco leaves tied with a thread. Maya called this process "sik'ar".
The first of the Europeans learned about tobacco Spaniards - members of the expedition of Columbus. In 1492, Columbus, one of the islands in the Caribbean (maybe it was the island of Tobago, from the name which, according to some researchers, and there was the word "tobacco") met a smoker Injun. (Most likely, at one meeting with the Indians, one of the leaders decided to strike the stranger for his ability to produce smoke from his mouth, and maybe just decided to temper their emotions). Whatever it was, satellite Columbus, Robert Payne, an interest in tobacco, so much so that in 1497 during his second voyage to America, wrote a report on this plant and its use. The captain of a vessel fleet of Columbus, Rodrigo de Jerez, not only dared to try that "smoked" the Indians, but also captured the tobacco leaves with them. However, his addiction to tobacco has become a prime example of how society treats smokers: on returning to his homeland for attempting to demonstrate his ability, he received three years in prison ...
The subsequent history of tobacco and its penetration into human life was very hectic. In 1530 the missionary Bernardino de Sahagun discovers that there are two varieties of tobacco: Nicotiana tabacum sweet and bitter and coarse Nicotiana rustica. In 1531, tobacco is beginning to grow in Europe, and this event led to the emergence of the first anti-tobacco organizations, whose function has assumed the Inquisition. Despite this, tobacco smoking became popular among the upper strata of Portuguese and Spanish society - the rest of this occupation was simply not afford it.
In the history of tobacco has at least three characters, not to mention that it would be unforgivable.
Jean Nico
The first character - a Frenchman, Jean Nico, the man known to contemporaries as a historian, scholar, writer and diplomat. He, or rather, his acquaintance with Catherine de 'Medici, had the honor to introduce the fashion sniffing tobacco, and, as a consequence, the spread of tobacco in France. So wide that France at one time considered the birthplace of tobacco. And the name of Niko was named the alkaloid nicotine.
The second figure has become iconic English aristocrat, a heavy smoker, sailor and poet, Sir Walter Raleigh, who in 1580 established a tobacco plantation in Ireland, and in 1584 - a few in America. One of them he called the "Virginia", which later gave its name to the most popular varieties of tobacco.
The third landmark figure is John Rolf. Already in the early XVII century, Rolf, addicted to smoking pipes, gained fame as the first active promoter and distributor of tobacco in England. In 1611, Rolf went to America and laid a big plantation in Virginia tobacco. The seeds he imported from Trinidad and Venezuela, and technology borrowed from Walter Raleigh, significantly improved it. Even after 8 years began exporting tobacco from Virginia to England, and the John Rolf permanently settled in the New World and even married the daughter of an Indian chief who gave him advice to try his luck in tobacco.
History of tobacco
By: Janet Jinger gary
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