How To Conduct Rtd Calibration

Metals have a physical principle of electrical resistance

, which causes a certain range of temperature. Resistance temperature detectors (RTDs) are devices that measure the change in resistance as per the change in the temperature. The most popular type of RTDs are the ones that are based on platinum, also known as PRTs. PRTs are famous because they have precise sensors and can be used uniformly over a wide range of temperatures.

No matter how precise and sensitive a device is, over time, environmental and physical factors take their toll and it slowly drifts from its conventional accuracy. In the case of RTD, the measurement of electric resistance is based on various levels of temperatures, thus making it vulnerable for wear and tear. A slight drift or inaccuracy in RTD can pose a serious threat to the functioning of the equipment. Thus, the right method and instrument for RTD calibration is a crucial cog in the wheel of production.

Like temperature calibration and thermocouple calibration, RTD calibrations are also carried out in two ways.

Characterization Test

Often used for high accuracy calibration, in this test, the unit under test or the UUT resistance is recognized at various temperatures and the corresponding data is stored in a mathematical process.

This process starts by placing the calibrators probe and UUTs of the temperature near each other. To avoid errors in calibration due to temperature variations, place the probes as close as possible. Next, ensure a proper wiring connection between the former step and the readout. Now, you can measure the reference probe and conclude the temperature. The best way to do it is to the use the readouts that are especially created for temperature measurement. Similarly, measure the UUTs and recorded the resistance. The last step for RTD calibration is the data fitting, which is the calculation of gaining a set of coefficients based on the above processes.

Tolerance Test

In this test, the UUTs are compared to specific and pre-defined temperature units. Reserved for low accuracy applications, this test has values that are determined by common models like the IEC 60751 curve. Calibration of PRTs done using tolerance tests are used in industrial applications, in which characterization test is not compatible with the equipment.

In both the tests, calibrations processes are the same. However, your business application is the best judge for using these tests individually or together.

by: Sam Jacob Thomas

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