How To Make Safe Work Procedures
When carrying out any construction job, the workers could be topic to grave risks or hazards
. They could get hurt or fall ill or lose their lives due to ignorance of such dangers or hazards. In essence, Safe Work Procedures can be a signifies to educating and producing awareness amongst the workers concerning the hazards and risks related with all the work handled. A SWP enables you to carry out Job Hazard Analyses (JHAs) on particular tasks or activities.
A Job Hazard Evaluation (JHA) is really a method which examines any specific activity or job job in relation to accepted norms of health and safety standards. Basically, in any JHA, every fundamental step of the activity or a task is scrutinized to determine potential hazards or risks. Then it establishes the safest way (or mitigation measures) to perform the stated activity or job. The final outcome of such a method is defined as a Safe Work Procedure (SWP).
Developing SWPs is basically a team effort which involves not merely leading management but additionally the workers or employees straight involved in a job or perhaps a job or an activity. Such wide involvement of staff will not only enable the construction team to analyse the possible hazards from distinct angles but also get rid of the danger of ignoring any potential hazard.
The group (for creating SWPs or carrying out JHAs) must involve:
All workers or staff (straight involved) who are acquainted with the activity or the job and its related risks and hazards.
The supervisory staff
Specialists like occupational hygienists, maintenance staff, ergonomists and style engineers.
Involving knowledgeable and knowledgeable staff in the JHA and SWP development process will undoubtedly ensure accuracy along with a complete SWP.
In addition to the above, when creating SWP or JHA, it really is important to think about the following areas:
Regulatory specifications
Personal Protective Gear needs
Training requirements
Responsibilities of every individual involved in the job
A certain sequence of steps to adhere to to total the work safely
Permits required
Emergency Procedures.
Basic methods in Creating Safe Work Procedures (SWPs)
When developing SWPs, it's important to define what exactly is a job or task. It means especially a specific work assignment such as the excavation of deep foundation or operating an overhead crane, or operating an air compressor. Hence, it's important to note that the JHA or SWP are only suitable for certain tasks not for jobs defined as well broadly. Also, JHA or SWP helps to identify the plant and materials to be utilized and when it is required.
The following steps included in Safe Work Procedures (SWP):
Proper identification and picking the work job to become analysed;
Separating the identified activity into a series of simple methods
Determining possible hazards or dangers on each and every step
Deciding the preventative or mitigation measures to prevent or reduce these hazards.
Identification and Choosing the Work Tasks to become analysed
Ideally, all work tasks or activities should be subjected to a JHA. When contemplating the time and work needed in carrying out a JHA, it's not practical. An additional aspect is whenever the plants, raw materials, or gear or the working circumstances change, the JHA for specific activity has to become amended. For these reasons, it really is important to prioritise the jobs which can be to become analysed. In essence, the most crucial work or tasks (that have obvious dangers) would be examined initially.
It's mandatory to develop SWPs in accordance with the procedures stipulated in the Occupation Health & Safety Act (OH&S). This ensures that particular work is performed by competent and experienced people while complying with applicable regulations. The O&HS Act gives guidelines on particular job procedures like: working in confined spaces, provisions for operating alone, working in flood prone excavations, operating under electric overhead power lines, upkeep and safe operation of plant & machinery etc. Such safe work procedures have to become considered first when developing the SWP.
The particular other aspects to become considered are:
Tasks that have high propensity to accidents or near misses which could have an appreciable threat to health and safety;
The tasks that have already recorded fatalities, illnesses and environmental damage;
The tasks that require two or more workers at the same time;
Newly introduced task or activities which the hazards are unknown previously;
Tasks that might subject to modify in terms of methods, equipment and materials employed;
Tasks that could have been affected due to changes on regulations and standards;
Tasks which are non-routine which can topic the workers to greater dangers or hazards;
It is important to note that each and every job in a work place needs a JHA. Notably, any routine job can have unknown hazards or risks. Hence, an effective JHA will make tasks safer and make sure the best ways to carry out the same.
Separating the Identified Activity into Series of Fundamental Steps
Once the task is selected for JHA, it will be separated into small sequential actions. The usual practice is to apply a form which all the fundamental actions could be listed. Then all the potential hazards and dangers will be listed against each and every task. The recommended solutions will be listed against each potential hazard.
As mentioned before, all the team members ought to participate when preparing the fundamental methods inside a task and subsequent evaluation. This will foster ownership and acceptance of all hazard mitigation measure of work tasks including easy implementation.
Determining the Prospective Hazards or Risks on Each and every Step
Depending on the past experience, knowledge, accidents reported, observations in the job and the sound judgement and possible hazards are listed for each and every step. Essentially, for every step, possible hazards or accidents and the ways to reduce them are determined.
Some in the possible hazards to be noted:
Is there a possibility of any body part (hand, leg, fingers) getting caught?
Can tools, equipment, plant and machinery (used on the task) cause hazards?
Can the worker be hit by a falling object from above?
Can the worker slip, trip, or fall from a height?
Can the worker suffer injury or strain (spine injury) from lifting, pushing, or pulling objects?
Is the worker subject to extreme heat or cold?
Is the worker exposed to excessive noise or vibration?
Is the worker working under an unlit area?
Can inclement weather conditions affect safety?
Is harmful radiation present?
Can the worker be exposed to harmful toxic or hot substances?
Is the work area polluted with dust, fumes or vapour and harmful gasses (CO, So2)?
According to the above and sound judgement, the possible hazards could be lifted against each and every work step.
Deciding the precautionary or mitigation measures to prevent or decrease these hazards
At this point, JHA accurately decides the mitigation measure to control or minimize hazards identified under each and every work task listed.
In summing up, Job Hazard Analysis is an essential ingredient in developing the Safe Work Procedures for any work. The success of SWP depends on team work or worker collaboration at all stages from the development process. It not just promotes ownership in the whole SWP process but also communicates the importance of it to all workers involved within the work place.
The moment the SWP is developed, the outcome must be communicated to all workers who're involved within the work tasks or activities. Management must find wise and acceptable approaches to communicate these to the workers and their significance. Finally, it is vital to note that Safe Work Procedures (SWPs) are a living document and periodically ought to be reviewed for its validity so that continual improvement can be done and to have them up to date.
by: David L
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