How To Treat Dry Mouth Syndrome And Bad Breath

Dry mouth, or xerostomia, is a condition in which salivary glands have stopped producing enough saliva to moisten the mouth and tongue

. Causes of xerostomia include side effects of certain medications and treatments, conditions requiring fluid restrictions, elevated blood glucose levels, and a condition called Sjorgens syndrome.

Dry mouth is a common side effect of many medications, including antihistamines and blood pressure medications. Radiation treatment for cancer patients, especially when treating the head and neck, causes dry mouth and difficulty swallowing. Many renal dialysis patients struggle with dry mouth as a result of the required limit on fluid intake. Uncontrolled diabetes mellitus with elevated blood glucose levels causes increased thirst and dry mouth. Patients with rheumatoid conditions such as lupus or arthritis are at risk for Sjorgens syndrome, in which an autoimmune response occurs in the body, destroying salivary glands and other mucus-secreting glands. Drinking caffeinated beverages or alcohol and eating foods high in sodium can exacerbate dry mouth.

Having dry mouth can be uncomfortable and may lead to dental infections, taste changes, trouble swallowing, and bad breath. Infections in the mouth are serious and may lead to cardiac complications if not treated. Taste changes are also a serious side effect of dry mouth, especially in malnourished patients. When foods lose their usual taste, patients become anorexic and weight loss and muscle wasting may occur. Bad breath is a sign of infection in the mouth. Patients should see a dental professional regularly and when they notice any of the dry mouth symptoms.

The first step in treating dry mouth is to hydrate the mouth and body. Try a commercially prepared electrolyte drink that contains a balance of sodium, potassium and glucose for a simple solution. However, patients who are restricted on their intake of fluid, sodium, potassium, and/or carbohydrate must find solutions that do not involve drinking large amounts of fluids with added potassium, sodium and sugar. Citrus fruits and spicy foods may help to stimulate the salivary glands to moisten the mouth. Sugar-free gum or candy containing xylitol may stimulate the salivary glands and help protect the mouth from infection. Alcohol-free mouthwash made to combat dry mouth is also available.

Here are some practical suggestions for treating dry mouth:

- Avoid foods high in sugar (use sugar free candy and gum).

- Avoid salty foods and snacks (canned foods, processed meats, crisps, etc).

- Season food with cayenne pepper or other spices to stimulate saliva flow.

- Fill a spray bottle with water and lemon juice and spritz the mouth and tongue throughout the day.

- Smother foods in gravy and low sodium sauces to help with swallowing.

- Brush the teeth and tongue and rinse the mouth after each meal.

Xerostomia can be uncomfortable and, if not treated, may lead to infection, choking, and/or taste changes. Although dry mouth usually resolves itself as the body adjusts to a condition or medication, it is important for patients to share their symptoms with their physicians. Taking the steps above to relieve symptoms of dry mouth may also protect against infection and stimulate appetite.

by: Chelsi Woolz

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