Internal And External Storage Devices

The basic memory in any category is the computers own memory

. There are two types of the computers own memory as you all may know, namely ROM (Read Only Memory) and RAM (Random Access Memory). The computers memory is responsible to handle the running program, as in temporary memory, to store the inputted data, to save changes in the processes being carried out and to output the data processed into information.

Computers Own Memory

ROM is the memory which is in a read-only format. This means that no changes can be made to data stored in this memory. It is used to hold the software that tells the computer how to load and run the operating software. You can just browse through the documents. Since this is a permanent memory, it is alternatively referred to as non-volatile memory. Lately, another type of ROM has been developed known as the EPROM. EPROM stands for erasable programmable read only memory. Although, the software stored on this type of memory are fixed, its content can be erased and re-written using the UV (Ultra-Violet) rays.

Another type of computer memory is the RAM. RAM is responsible for handling the on-going programs. Means it is responsible to keep programs in its memory only until the computer is switched on. Once the computer is powered off, all the contents are wiped off. Because of the fact that it immediately loses the contents as soon as it is powered off, it is known as volatile memory.

So far, you have just read about the memory that is the computers own memory. Now lets learn about the external memory sources. Externally, the data can be stored on either optical devices or magnetic devices.

Magnetic Devices

One of the most commonly used devices for external storage was Floppy disks. Floppy Disks use magnetic patterns to store the binary characters. These are 3.5 inches big and can store upto 1.44 MB of data. Today, they have become almost extinct because of the low amount of memory they offer.

Hard drives are also example of optical devices. The smallest hard disk used to have a total storage capacity of 10 GB. However, with the increasing demands for memory and storage capacity, hard drives are developed which could store almost 1 terabyte of data in it. Magnetic tapes are also used for storing data. These are large cassettes with extensive tapes and two rollers in it. The tapes store data on it. Magnetic tapes are capable of storing a very large amount of data on them and are therefore used in very large organizations.

Optical Disks

Optical disks are today the most common forms of external medium for storage used. Amongst the most widely used are CD and DVD ROMs and RWs. CD (compact disks) and DVD (Digital Versatile Disks) can store up to 4.7 GB of data. Because of their portability, style, accessibility and compatibility, they are preferred for the storage of multimedia. CD and DVD ROMs are non-volatile. However, CD and DVD RWs can be read, erased and re-written. Because of all these features, you may see their extensive usage everywhere.

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