Kashmir: Is spirit for uniting territories of India and Pakistan towards single state?

Kashmir: Is spirit for uniting territories of India and Pakistan towards single state

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Kashmir: Is spirit for uniting territories of India and Pakistan towards single state?

The Jammu and Kashmir, as one of the Indian states has a different story to reveal from the comparative study of the conditions of minority-majority basis of the two different religious people in Kashmir and in remained parts of India. This kind development would never be allowed to see the same developments in the in the whole of India as a basic principle of the minority-majority.

If the development and progress what the total Indian states have achieved want to see there in Kashmir as a basic principle of the development, it lead us into confusion. Kashmir state is the Muslim majority state with the percentage of 67. Therefore, it is common and unavoidable fact to understand that the rulers of the majority Muslim people in Kashmir state have neglected the minority Hindus. The Indian Muslims the largest minority group living together among the Hindus with its percentage of 13.4 in total population, feeling that they neglected a lot by the majority Hindu rulers.

In these two formulations, the figures show that the Muslims neglected largely on different ground they are either in majority or in minority. The growth rate did not defeat the inflation rate under any government since last twenty years. The common problems of the country are applicable to all people either they are in minority or in majority. In any state in the world, whoever lives in minority should have to face additional problems and should share the common problems with the majority people.

Every state has the history of these kinds of general and additional problems due to minority-majority differences. United States has enough history of the racial discriminations against each other. Once largely neglected and having many accusations against blacks by the white people, Nelson Mandela, Barrack Obama or Mubarak Hussein Obama, emerged to rule the global white and it is a reward of the struggles of the neglected and accused by the racial whites in the history of the struggles in the world.

Once those had the racial ideas, once those have made the laws for their own people, once those committed massive atrocities, have reduced to a level to accept that the humans are equally born but unequally grown and irregularly enjoyed the wealth, but dies equally with the exploited and suppressed as the history teaches the lesson to those arrogant who never believe in these facts.

What the presidents of United States either did, the present president do as a president to the level of expectations of his people or not, is not a question, but it is the greatest achievement for those people who made him their president. A slave-turn-warrior king in the Indian history, malik kafur who rose to the level of the gaining the kingdom, from Delhi, to south Indian states, was once a slave and challenged many people in his lifetime.

The case of Kashmir and India against the Pakistan and Bangladesh, in which the center point is Muslim in common, because we call Kashmir Muslim, Pakistani Muslim, Bangladeshi Muslim, by setting a side the name of his nationality in these days. In Indian side, we call him with the very same identity with his region, like Delhi-Muslim, Mumbai-Muslim, Tamil-Muslim, Bengali-Muslim, Gujarat-Muslim, and Hyderabad-Muslim, but in totality, he will become Indian Muslim while discussing with other national Muslim on any issue.

The article 370 of the Indian constitution was pre-condition of the raja hari Singh to the Indian government in lieu of the accession of the Kashmir to the government of India that has known in later times while drafting the nature of the governments in India. The house of Jammu Kashmir state also equally authorized to make laws regarding its subjects and the president of India would consider the resolutions for his assent sympathetically whenever forwarded to him. Either now it is the internal matter of India to scrap this article or implement with true spirit is not a point in issue of Kashmir because the Kashmir issue itself has become an issue since last sixty-two years between the two nations which had waged three wars, and many low intensity wars in attempt of gaining some military posts unofficially or officially on the part of Pakistan against Indian territories. In one case, the minority-majority treatment in sharing the power goes in the same ratio of minority-and majority in the total India. This principle is not applicable to the Kashmir state where in the minorities got higher opportunities than their majority Muslims. Have a look on the details about it.

The total number of employees in the state of Jammu and Kashmir is 3, 52, 000. Department wise data of Hindus is 4.61% out of the total population, which is 30 lakhs only whereas the Muslims have 2.85 percent of representation in the total number of employees. In the state quota of Indian administrative service, are 94 in which 24 belonged to Kashmir division, 27 to Jammu division, and 2 to ladakh division. Remained 41 officers were from out of the Kashmir state. The only six Muslims out of 26 have resumed the top administrative post in the state bureaucracy after the post of chief minister, chief secretary, since 1947, and the non-Muslims in the Muslim dominated Kashmir state. The next important cadre is Kashmir administrative service that has 338, in which 155 for Kashmir division, 141 for Jammu division, and 22 for ladakh division. The data of the state administrative service if calculated from the 2001 to 2005, it is quite opposite to the nature laws, because 478 (k.a.s) appointments have done, in which 106 given to kashmiries, 12 to ladakh, and remained 360 given to Jammu-Hindus. In this state, Kashmir administrative service cadre dominated by the 372 Hindus out of 478. Who really need the militancy, and whose interests are making the Kashmir Muslim militants easily understood to any common person. Few hundreds of Kashmir pundits, upon whom thousands of crores spent but no one has come back to home are an indication of the comfort what they secured on the name of Kashmir militancy. So how does anybody work at their homes by loosing such handsome compensations, which are hundred times more than to any other normal victims in India?

The literacy rate of Muslims in Kashmir state is 47.3% while living in the Muslim majority state; the Hindus have 71.2%. The Muslim literacy rate if we see in India level, it is just 59.1% only and the Hindu literacy rate is 65.1% only. The highest Muslim literacy rates are in kerala (89.4%) Tamil nadu (82.9%), Maharashtra (78.1%), Karnataka (70.1%), and Andhra Pradesh (68%) as these Indian states did not have any Muslim chief ministers except A.R.Anthuley in Maharashtra for a short period in the history of the Indian state chief minister ships. Very surprising factor is in Gujarat where the Muslim literacy rate is73.5percent, which is higher than the Hindus of 68.3 are. Perhaps after loosing their assets and properties, they want to secure knowledge by sending their children to schools by the parents.

Gujarat state has been projecting to the world as a model state for investment and growth in comparison with the development in the other Indian states by the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) and its Sangh pariwar in India and its chief minister has gained notoriority by killing more than 3000 Muslims in the post godhra riots. Indian Muslims have experienced the worst kind of massacres in the history of independent India.

Not all these percentages are below the rate of Kashmir state, which ruled by all Muslim chief ministers of the Kashmir state.

Two hundred and nine Kashmir pundits killed since 1989 in the hands of the militants in the Kashmir state as per the report submitted in May 2010 by the Jammu and Kashmir police

Total 24, 202 families out of 38,119 migrated out of the valley due to militancy since 1989. Total 1, 42, 042 Kashmiri migrants out of 38,119 families whose details are available with the department of revenue and relief, as these figures were reported to the press by the Mr. Raman bhalla, revenue minister, Jammu and Kashmir State, while addressing press conference at Srinagar. Rs.100000.000 each has paid each on the death to their families and new flats, compensation for the loss of properties, damages total Rs 70 crores spent out as a special package to call back the pundits to their homes. Total three thousand supernumery posts were created for these pundits besides the sanction of rs.1, 618.40 crore are sanctioned for the Kashmir pundits. On all these presentations to the Kashmir pundits, no one has come back to their homes as report said. Now3, 445 people, out of 808 families are still living in the valley. (The Hindu dated 24th march 2010).

Kashmir's first police report submitted in May, 2010, As per one of the non-official reports of the Kashmir pundit's organization account, the number of deaths of the pundits did not exceed 2500 in the hands of Kashmir militants since its rise in the valley.

The Kashmir issue is not new to the Indian politics to play the key role there on the name of the territory for the government of India irrespective of political parties since the day of accession to the Indian government by the raja through the document of accession, which is in dispute by the Pakistan. The government of India has not clarified about the existence of such document until now to the other party and to the people of India as well as to the body of United Nations that it had the original document in its support in claiming the Kashmir territory.

The accession document, which addressed by the Hari Singh, Maharajadhiraj of Jammu and Kashmir State, to the lord Mountbatten on 26 October 1947 and it, is very important document in assessing the rationality of the two claims. And on very next day, dated this twenty seventh day of October, nineteen hundred and forty seven, the lord Mountbatten of Burma, Governor General of India, accepted "this Instrument of Accession "letter through which Kashmir was made as a part of India. The process of annexation of Kashmir to India, between the two heads of the states is become known to the world since that day.

The will of Hari Singh was to handover his state to the governor general of India on the need of handling armed tribes arrived from Pakistani territories in support of the Kashmiri people whose ambition was to be remained with Pakistan only as the partisan of the India and Pakistan based on the religion only. The single action defeated the strong will of the people and individual will of hari Singh, Maharajadhiraj of Jammu and Kashmir State. The" instrument" of accession executed only after seventy or seventy one days of the independence of two nations, India and Pakistan. When the document was executed by the raja in favor of Lord Mountbatten by handing over the Kashmir the document could be kept in the records and the very same had to be handed over to the prime minister of India immediately.

The government of India had to secure such document from the lord Mountbatten while handing over all such important documents of the government of India after the completion of the process of exchange of powers from him to the government of India. The instrument was very important for the purpose of records. Whether such document is available with the government of India or the governor general of India, Lord Mountbatten at that time, had not handed it over to the government of India. The relation between the document and the territorial occupations of Indian Kashmir and Pakistan occupied Kashmir by the government of and Pakistan could not make any affect to their positions because the losers were and are the kashmiries only since that period to the present day. For a point of justification of Pakistani or Indian claims, the Indian government should allow the world bodies as well as its people to check it for its validity, in favor of any side. For the extension of the support to India or Pakistan, the people of both states have every right to see the document for public view, as it is very much needful to defeat the counter claim over it, if India had the original copy in its custody in the interest of the people of two states

In the absence of such document of accession of Kashmir, the Kashmir area would continue under the same disputed area and the same is continuing in the list of United Nations.

It says that "Jammu & Kashmir was a former princely state in the British Empire in India, from 1846 until 1947, after which India then gained independence, and was partitioned into the Dominion of Pakistan (mostly Muslim), and the Union of India (mostly Hindu). Each Indian state given a choice to join either India or Pakistan, and when the ruler of Kashmir & Jammu decided to remain independent, a war broke out between India and Pakistan, dividing the population of Jammu & Kashmir between the two sides. The Indian government then said it had made a formal agreement with Hari Singh, the Maharajah of Jammu & Kashmir, called The Instrument of Accession, which handed over the entire lands of Jammu & Kashmir to Indian control. Pakistan disputed this, due to the population being mostly Muslim, and to this day, Pakistan denies such a document exists. After some horrendous wars in the area, Jammu & Kashmir is now split into Indian Territory (the northern state of Jammu & Kashmir, which is actually just a large slice of Kashmir), Pakistani territory (the Northern Areas) and Chinese territory (Aksai Chin). India claims sovereignty over all of these areas, as does Pakistan, whilst China only holds claim over Aksai Chin, albeit with a small slice of current Indian land which it claims is part of its Tibet Autonomous Region."

Hari Singh wished to keep the Kashmir as independent state without merging into India under the pressure of either India or under a threat of occupation of the Pakistani militant tribes as per the popular presumption of having the Muslim dominated areas of the Kashmir as per the Indian independence act 1947. However, the two countries were very enthusiastic to own the territory against the norms of the partition set out by laws of the period. The partisan policy was to divide the two nations based on the religions.

The majority areas of the Muslims had given to Pakistan and the Hindu areas had given to India. Accordingly, the population of Jammu & Kashmir had 77% (as per the 1941 census) of Muslim population and it had to give to Pakistan. However, it was not given to it due to the dubious or real will of the hari Singh whose document was and at present makes value in assessing the developments of that time for having to identify who is entitled for the Kashmir state. Ever changing minds and needs of the rulers of both states do not represent the distant past to judge the real factors behind keeping the Kashmir pot boiling for the benefit of the ruling parties of the two states on different claims and reasons against each other since the alleged claim of the execution of accession document.

Until now, the two reasons clarified in the Kashmir issue by the government of India to the body of United Nations as well as to its people for the legal claim over the territory of the Kashmir. There was a long list of 560 independent and princely states in India before unifying all these as India as a nation. The concept of the nation as India, Indian and Indian territorial identity was only a result after the independence, in which many Muslim states were existed in all most all parts of India, beside the famous independent state of Hyderabad and junagarh in India. Few of them are here for understanding about the central point of the India and Pakistan's formation because of the religion. Hyderabad state had vast areas from the Karnataka, Maharashtra and Andhra Pradesh under the reign of asif jah-7. Janjira of Maharashtra, under the rule of H.H. Nawab Sidi Mohammed khan-2 was independent. Sawanur, from Karnataka, under the power of Abdul majid khan-2 also has the same identity in the list Indian states. Rampur, of Utter Pradesh, under the reign of H.H. Nawab Syed Mohammed Kazim Ali khan Bahadur, also had the same status.

Banaganapally from Andhra Pradesh, under the command of H.H. Nawab Syed Fazl Ali khan-4, had its own identity. Loharu, from Haryana under the reign of nawab Mirza Aladdin Ahmad khan, and Tonk from Rajasthan, under the leadership of Nawab Mohammed faruq ali khan, vadasinor, in Kheda district, from Gujarat, under the reign of Yousufzai Pathan, Junagadh, from Gujarat, under the name of Muhabat Khanji-3 and many more to name here in the name of independent states. These Muslim princely and independent states were continued in the Indian state like other kings of such princely states from Hindu religion in the Pakistani state also existed in both side at the time of independence of these two states on 14/15th August 1947.

The reason of the partisan of India and Pakistan as two states was the direct result of the freedom struggle against the British by keeping their interests and identities for the Muslim and Hindus in presence of British to arrive at conclusions in a compromise with each other on the formula of the two nation's theory against one nation formula.

The arguments in support of Pakistani origin and in against the formation of the Pakistan makes no use for the understanding the past happenings. However, the question of the accession document is the basic key document to produce before the body of United Nations, as well as the global people for the correct claim over the Kashmir by the government of India in the choice of time only. However, it would never escape from its submission if it had really executed by the hari Singh the king of the Kashmir state. Gandhi mahatma was well aware the fact that the raja hari Singh was not interested to keep the Kashmir state as independent from both India and Pakistan and got the clearance through the agreement and he failed to get the same from India. This fact can trace through the writings of Campbell Johnson who noted, "Both Nehru and Gandhi have been very anxious that the maharaja of Kashmir should make no declaration of independence".

On series of developments in all the political circles, Joseph Korbel, Danger in Kashmir (p. 60) observed, "Lord Mountbatten, the Viceroy of India, did not approve of Nehru's visit and offered to visit himself. He visited Kashmir on 18 June 1947, and stayed there for four days. Lord Mountbatten was unable to have a proper discussion with the Maharaja, as the Maharaja did not wish to influence and advised about the fate of his land and people. It is strange that the Dogra King, whose reign was one of the cruelest, did not accede to India immediately, based on his religion, but tried to stay independent. Was this an attempt to give back something good to his people? Or were his intentions purely selfish?"

Raja hari Singh was not interested in accession his Kashmir to India as it was already indicated his wishes to keep his state independent in the interest of his own people of Kashmir. But the invading forces and the cruel intentions of the two sides were identified by the raja hari Singh, and whose actions were pushed him to surrender his forces to the government of India was the internal matter to understand and could not come out the secrets of that time.

But the incidents in later times indicated that the threat of invasion of the Indian and Pakistani forces made hari sigh to do something for his security and peace purposes in his state. Either two side forces or whose first act made him to keep silence over the leading role in accession of his territory or why he maintained silence with inability, the reasons behind such happening could be established only after going through the next developments of the arrival of the forces in Srinagar airport.

Hari Singh, the Maharaja of Kashmir, loathed the Indian National Congress and wanted to stay independent of both India and Pakistan. He asked for a standstill agreement from India and Pakistan to be able to pursue his goal of an independent Kashmir. Pakistan signed the standstill agreement but India did not, giving an indication of India's intentions on Kashmir.

On the other hand, lord Mountbatten who visited Kashmir with a view to have a clear understanding with the Raja Hari Singh on the future of the Kashmir. However, maharaja was not clear to inform his views to these Indian side leaders and did not like to speak openly confirms the conditions of that time through the fact that "Lord Mountbatten visited Srinagar for four days from 19th June, 1947. As per Mountbatten, he found Maharaja elusive and had to return without discussing with him. It was in early August 1947 that Mahatma Gandhi also visited Kashmir. Gandhi too carried the views of Nehru as regards special treatment to Sheikh Abdullah and J and K". State times, (6 November 2010).

Raja hari Singh was apparently reluctant to share the views with the Congress leaders as well as leader of National Conference, Sheikh Abdullah at that time. Sheik Abdullah made him busy in making a movement "quit Kashmir" at that time. sheikh Abdullah, Jahwarlal Nehru, mahatma Gandhi, and vallabh Patel, and lord Mountbatten were as a group trying to influence to mind of the maharaja hari Singh, and on the other hand, the Pakistani leaders and Mohammed ali jinnah was on the other side.

The relation of Jinnah and Sheikh Abdullah was not good as the Maharaja and Sheikh Abdullah had on the Kashmir at that time. Mistrust was the main reason among all the leaders of four blocks in this Kashmir issue within the period of a 2-3months after the dates of independence to India and Pakistan with a difference of a day from each other. Pakistan has returned the standstill agreement to raja hari Singh for the supply of the daily needs within no time. At the same time, India has tried to Daley of making the very same agreement that created the suspicious conditions between these three power centers in keeping the Kashmir region as independent. Pakistani leaders after returning the instrument to raja hari Singh, doubted the act of raja for fulfilling the terms of the agreement what they have made for each other, and sent its forces to Kashmir along with some militant tribes in the form of invasion. On arrival of the forces from the Pakistani side, raja hari sigh understood that the Pakistan had in violation of the agreement made to him for the territorial greed in the form of intrusion.

On such situation, the Indian leaders were caught the point of insecurity feeling of hari Singh and fearful conditions of attack from the Pakistani side, on hari Singh, kept silence without any formal assurance of help to hari Singh. In addition, raja hari Singh was well aware about the policy of waiting without extension of support to him in defending the territories of the Kashmir from the attacking Pakistani forces, until the surrender of the raja for the help from Indian side. The trap already lay down and the hunt fallen down into the trap of Indian side.

After no time the Indian army arrived in the assistance of the raja hari Singh. Still the stories are the written document of accession but it is difficult to trace the original document of such date with signatures of the two heads are not traced out. Moreover, do not give any guarantee of existence of such documents of the historical facts, not known to anybody except the governments of India and Pakistan that do not have any interest in it to prove their credible claim in the history of Kashmiri people and the other global bodies including the people of India. Pakistani government could not escape from its historical blunder, which has no role to find a fault due to the mistrust between the Pakistani leaders and the raja hari Singh on the religious basis, which was the sole criterion of the partisan at that time.

On the very same basis, the religion had played the impotent role in making hari Singh who, in the view of Indian side, could not access his territory to Pakistan and reluctantly raja surrendered his Kashmir against his will of keeping the region as independent state. Indian policy of watching and waiting proved successful and invasive policy of Pakistan against Kashmir in the interest of the majority of the people proved failed one in the history of its attempts in owning the Kashmir.

So the wishes of the people of Kashmir was proved failed before the plays of the two states which made the Kashmir only the land without people like a political realtors engaged in the territorial business of the real estate. The basic conditions and wishes of raja hari Singh could see that from the availed document that is widely in circulation without its original copy proof and its available custody; some idea would form through few lines that continue as "my State has a common boundary with the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics and with China. In their external relations, the Dominion of India and Pakistan cannot ignore this fact. I wanted to take time to decide to which Dominion I should accede or whether it is not in the best interests of both the Dominions and of my State to stand independent, of course with friendly and cordial relations with both. I accordingly approached the Dominions of India and Pakistan to enter into standstill agreement with my State. The Pakistan Government accepted this arrangement. The Dominion of India desired further discussion with representatives of my Government. I could not arrange this in view of the developments indicated below. In fact the Pakistan Government under the standstill agreement is operating the post and telegraph system inside the State. Though we have got a standstill agreement with the Pakistan Government, the Government permitted a steady and increasing strangulation of supplies like food, salt and petrol to my State."

The document further continued about the Pakistani efforts into his territory in violation of the agreement what he had made with the government of Pakistan. It continued, "Afridis, soldiers in plain clothes, and desperadoes with modern weapons have been allowed to infiltrate into the State, at first in the Poonch area, then from Sialkot and finally in a mass in the area adjoining-Hazara district on the Ramkote side. The result has been that the limited number of troops at the disposal of the State had to be dispersed and thus had to face the enemy at several points simultaneously, so that it has become difficult to stop the wanton destruction of life ad property and the looting of the Mahura power house, which supplies electric current to the whole of Srinagar and which has been burnt. The number of women who have been kidnapped and raped makes my heart bleed. The wild forces thus let loose on the State are marching on with the aim of capturing Srinagar, the summer capital of my government, as a first step to overrunning the whole State. The mass infiltration of tribesman drawn from distant areas of the North-West Frontier Province, coming regularly in motor trucks, using the Manwehra-Mazaffarabad road and fully armed with up-to-date weapons, cannot possibly be done without the knowledge of the Provincial Government of the North-West Frontier Province and the Government of Pakistan. In spite of repeated appeals made by my Government, no attempt has been made to check these raiders or to stop them from coming into my State. In fact, both radio and the Press of Pakistan have reported these occurrences".

The complete process of accession either through the exchange of the execution of the instrument or through the aggression the Kashmir region brought out from the hands of raja hari Singh and rested with the government of India. since the date of that accession to the present day many wars and invasions and another partisan did not make this region as peaceful one in the list of global territories, and two states gained the nuclear powers to the might of their defense forces in all these days. Many more agreements, treaties and meetings never gained any confidence in each other's acts in this region. The Kashmir is under occupation of the two countries believing that they are doing well to their people in all these years.

Most of the time the leadership of Pakistan spent out in the hands of military control and the remained period passed under the control of the corrupt and selfish leadership, which was unable to keep their state on the track of growth and development in the interest of their people. The Pakistani leadership still uses the Kashmir issue only to divert the attention of the people from their governments in all these days without any progress and development. Pakistani governments as if a policy of the constitutional provisions practices the Kashmir issue against the Indian Kashmiri people by claiming that they are serving in the cause of the nation as well as to the Islam. When the Kashmir had lost from its hands and passed to the government of India through the Raja Hari sigh and Lord Mountbatten in the month of October 1947, the expedition attempts by small group of soldiers and young Kashmir people to retain the lost territories could stop working on the lines of failed attempts.

It appears that still believing that it is only helpful to prove that they are still in their attempts to secure the lost territories to the Indian Kashmir without any guarantee of its success after the biggest and the major attempt proved failed at that time by the large group of more than 5000 defense forces and militant tribes. It was the duty of the governments to review their policy for the following the same formula against the heavy establishment of the Indian government is not more than suicidal.

On the question of those are unemployed and poor uneducated, they are usually attracted against the Indian forces in the name of fight for the Kashmir territory. The militant struggle for the Indian Kashmir is of two types. Of them, one is from out side and another is from within territory of the Indian Kashmir. Now the strength of Indian defense forces in the Indian Kashmir is more than one million with a view to deal the same stone pelters and protestors for maintaining peace and law and order in the Kashmir.

On the other hand, after accession of the Kashmir to the government of India, the Pakistani government disputed the act in the United Nations by claiming the act of the government of India was not according to the laws of merging the independent and princely states into Indian state as invalid and manipulated the document. Further Pakistan claimed that the accession of Kashmir by hari Singh was to Pakistan.

Consequently, the issue raised in the body of United Nations by India on 1 January 1948. In addition, it continued as "India made a reference to the United Nations on 1st January 1948 under Article 35 of the Charter, which permits any member state to bring any situation, whose continuance is likely to endanger international peace and security, to the attention of the Security Council. The intention behind this reference was to prevent a war between the two newly independent countries, which would have become increasingly likely if the tribal invaders assisted first indirectly and then actively by the Pakistan army had persisted with their actions against India in Kashmir. The Government of India requested the Security Council "to put an end immediately to the giving of such assistance which was an act of aggression against India". (Source: Consulate General of India, Hong Kong).

The United Nation's body made number of resolutions for the settlement of the Kashmir dispute, directing these two parties to follow the proposals of it. However, they are firm on their own claims against each other. The United Nation's mediator, Oven Dixon, says that" I was prepared to adopt the view that when the frontier of the State of J&K was crossed, on I believe 20 October 1947, by hostile elements, it was contrary to international law, and that when, in May 1948 as I believe, units of the regular Pakistan forces moved into the territory of the state that too was inconsistent with international law.

On 22nd, October 1947 just four days before the act of accession of Kashmir by hari Singh to take place, the war broke out between India and Pakistan and ended up in the month of December 1948. The result of the war could be seen "in all, 1,500 soldiers died on each side during the war and Pakistan was able to acquire roughly two-fifths of Kashmir which it established as Azad Kashmir, meaning free Kashmir".(source: global security organization). The Kashmir king hari Singh who had managed to flee away from his house in Srinagar. The war of Pakistan for the Kashmir had made to secure the territory of azad Kashmir and religious unity (and opposition to the Pakistani religion) between the hari Singh and Indian state proved beneficial for the present Jammu and Kashmir region. The two states were followed the formula of the cease-fire through the intervention of the united nations with its resolutions in the Security Council.

The United Nations had passed a resolution for the implementation of the both states in resolving the Kashmir problem, on 13th august 1948, from which the third part reproduced here. "The Government of India and the Government of Pakistan reaffirm their wish that the future status of the State of Jammu and Kashmir shall be determined in accordance with the will of the people and to that end, upon acceptance of the truce agreement, both Governments agree to enter into consultations with the Commission to determine fair and equitable conditions whereby such free expression will be assured" (source: united nations).

The conclusive part of the proposal binds the two parties to equally follow for the status of the state of Jammu and Kashmir which shall be determined in accordance of the will of the people"

No state can escape from this obligation for the solution of the Kashmir state that has been occupied by the Indian and Pakistan states since the date of the cease-fire came into existence. At the same, time the status of the state of Jammu Kashmir, if any party wants to address the status of the state of the Kashmir the two parties' consent and mutual acceptance needed. No party would be able to conduct plebiscite in the two parts of the Kashmir in anyway. Hence, the problem is still in the hands of the two states and single state's action in this regard makes no impact on the other part of the Kashmir.

The issue remains in the hands of the two states, which find the needs to strengthen their ties in other fields, as they have followed according to its needs. The scope between the two states widened from time to time since the period of cease-fire by leaving the political role open to play on behalf of the governments through talks for the welfare of the people in the direction of the speedy implementation of their tasks towards solution of the Kashmir problem. However, these two states have depended on the secret services of the defense forces against each other as the people of both sides claiming since long back.

The ISI marked operations on the Indian soils created completely Indian people to feel that the Pakistan engages the young and unemployed Muslims to engage in the war against the Indian defense establishments indirectly to achieve the task of Kashmir, in all these years. At the same time, the Indian secret service, Research and Analysis Wing (RAW) had been engaged in the destabilization of the Pakistani state and its integrity as that state claimed many times in media and in newspapers globally. The blame game of the two states had gained as an additional functionality of the state beyond the sincerity, in indulging violent activities on each other's territories.

The role of the other parts of the people of India and Pakistan do not have any kind of relationship with the people of remained parts of India and Pakistan because the Indian Kashmir and Pakistan's (azad) Kashmir. If the issue of Kashmir analyzed, it is to see only through the sharp sight from the contradictions of the two different religious nations under a feeling to suppress each by colluding with global players since the days of two powerful global blocks of United States of America and united socialist Soviet Union. The history of the two states have shared from one common origin and heritage of Indian subcontinent, diverted into two different religious line of action since the days of independent struggle. The origin for the separate leadership from the common leadership interests was when found diluted, the Muslim leadership reduced into a low level feelings of their isolation in protecting the interests of the Indian Muslims along with common Indians of Hindu religion and made them to float the Indian Muslim league as an alternative to the Indian national congress. The historical claims over the issues of success and failures in keeping to the two religious people united have different stories from each side by the polarized interests in recent years in India to analyze the developments within the closed circles of each group along the lines of the national freedom struggle.

The non-starter, proposed plan cabinet mission plan, dated 16th may, 1946, forwarded by the Muslim leaders in order to protect the interests of the Muslims as well as keeping the unity between the Hindu Muslim in the freedom movement, the result in these days could be different from the present results after the partisan in the case of Kashmir issue. The discussions on the future of the Hindus and Muslims are available in the cabinet mission plan documents which says really about who were really wanted for the best as their option to protect the interest of Hindus and who were demanded the separation of state directly from the states of existing with minority and majority equations for the administrative feasibility after the lapse of the British period, would be analyzed.

The main arguments for power balance through bargaining by the congress and Muslims league leaders was continued in presence of the British authorities during the period of the cabinet mission plans. M.A Jinnah, represented for the Muslims of all provinces and Gandhi mahatma, pundit Jawaharlal Nehru, Patel, and Moulana Azad, stood for the Hindus and two groups were participated with different of alternative plans on the presentation of demands from each other till they reach to the point on unanimity of the demands in the presence of British authorities. The blame on any point in the history never is justified unless it is properly presented with sufficient documents and the historical facts while accusing the Muslim leaders of the independent struggle. In essence, Mohammed Ali Jinnah and other Muslim leaders honored with great respect by the Hindu leaders including Gandhi mahatma, Jawaharlal Nehru, and Patel during the freedom struggle and discussions on the administrative matters of Indian states.

To be continued on part-2

Ayub Mohammed

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