Lambada
Origins
Origins
Carimb dance
Main article: Carimb
From the time that Brazil was a Portuguese colony, Carimb was a common dance in the northern part of the country. Carimb was a loose and very sensual dance which involved many spins by the female dancer, who typically wore a rounded skirt. The music was mainly to the beat of drums made of trunks of wood, thinned by fire.
Carimb involved only side to side movements and many spins and hip movement, and became the basis of the Lambada.
The word Lambada
After a while, a local radio station from Belm (Par's capital city) started to call these new type of music as "the strong beated rhythm" and "the rhythms of Lambada" (Lambada means "strong slap" or "hit" in Portuguese). This last name "Lambada" had a strong appeal and began to be associated with this new emerging face of an old dancing style.
The word Lambada is of obscure etymology, and in Brazilian Portuguese it may refer to the wave-like motion induced in a whip. This flowing wave motion is reproduced by the dancer's bodies, and is one of the main elements that distinguish Lambada from other Latin dances.
Two-beat dance style
Around 1983 the Carimb dance started once more to be danced in couples, in a 2-beat style, something very close to Merengue, but with many spins.
The Lambada music
Aurino Quirino Gonalves, or simply Pinduca is a Brazilian musician. He is a very well known singer at the north of Brazil (Amap and Par area), where it is strongly believed he is the true father of the Lambada music.
Pinduca is a musician and composer of mainly Carimb. He is the singer and composer of the "King of Carimb" (as it is affectionately known) and he created rhythms, such as: Sirimb, Lri-Lri, Lambada and Lamgode.
The musician and composer of carimb, Pinduca, launched in 1976, a song entitled Lambada (Sambo), track number 6 of the LP No embalo of carimb and sirimb vol. 5. It is the first recording of a song under the label of Lambada in the history of Brazilian popular music.
Some support the version that the guitarist and composer Master Vieira, the inventor of the guitarrada, would also be the creator of the Lambada music. His first official disc, Lambada of Quebradas, was recorded in 1976 but officially launched two years later, in 1978.
In the late 1980s, the fusion between the metallic and electronic music from Caribbean brought again a new face to the Carimb. This style started to be played throughout the north-eastern region of Brazil (a place well known for its tourist approach), although this new Carimb went with the name of Lambada.
Lambada in Bahia
Lambada dance a four-beat dance style
The Lambada spread along the coast until it reached Bahia (the elder Brazilian state) where it was influenced by the Forr, an old Brazilian style of dance which also had a strong beat. It became a four-beat dancing style, which was distinctive from the original Carimb.
This form of Lambada was danced with arched legs, with the steps being from one side to the other, and never from front to back. At the time short skirts for girls were in fashion and men wore long trousers, and the dance became especially associated with girls wearing short skirts. This association has continued until today, and the tradition is common in some places, such as the Lambar night club of So Paulo.
Bahian carnival
Main article: Bahian Carnival
During the 1980s, the Carnival in Bahia was growing in popularity, and every summer a new kind of dance arose, only to disappear during the year after the tourists had left, with another dancing style and rhythm arising the following summer. A few years before the Lambada, there was the Fricote and the Ti-Ti-Ti among others dances, all of which disappeared never to be remembered again.
Among with the "Trio-eletricos" (big movable trucks covered with speakers, on top of which musicians would play during the Carnival in Bahia), in 1988 the Lambada started to become popular in Bahia, and established itself in the city of Porto Seguro. Still, in this first boom of the Lambada, the economically developed south-east region of Brazil despised the various rhythms which came from Bahia on a regular basis, and which were believed to be only summer hits.
Although it was recognized as a summer hit, the Lambada was not yet a true worldwide success. Many of the first lambaterias (a place to dance Lambada) which opened in 1988 couldn't survive the low tourism of the winter season, and closed a few months later.
International popularity
Lambada hit by Kaoma
Main article: Lambada (Kaoma song)
In 1988 a French entrepreneur, Olivier Lamotte d'Incamps, visited Porto Seguro in Brazil and discovered locals dancing the tightly syncopated lambada to a melody that turned out to be Bolivian. With a lot of publicity, d'Incamps originated a lambada dance craze, largely by promoting a European tour of Kaoma, a band formed from a Porto Seguro dance group Tour Kunda. He bought the musical rights of about 300 lambada songs. He went back to France, and created the Kaoma Band. They turned Lambada into a worldwide known style, reaching all the way to Japan, where the dance is still popular.
Lambada entered the global mainstream when the French pop group Kaoma recorded a number one worldwide summer hit "Lambada" which sold 5 million singles in 1989. In Portuguese the Lambada song is called Chorando se foi which means Crying he/she went away.
In the music video, there were two young children, named Chico and Roberta, performing the lambada dance. They shortly thereafter started their own musical career.
The Lambada song was actually an unauthorized translation of the song Llorando se fue (1982) (which means: Crying he/she went away), from the Bolivian group Los Karkas. Due to the clear act of plagiarism, Los Kjarkas successfully sued Kaoma.
Other Lambada musicians
Dozens of groups and several singers took ride on the success of Kaoma's Lambada song. For example: Beto Barbosa, Mrcia Ferreira, Manezinho do Sax, while others were increasing their careers, as was the case with Sidney Magal, Sandy e Jnior, Faf de Belm and the group Trem da Alegria.
Lambada in south-east Brazil
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The world-hit by Kaoma was so strong that it brought something almost unbelievable: it came back to Brazil, but this time at the economically evolved south-east region (a region on which decades over, Brazil imported foreign music).
This re-insertion of Lambada changed the way people danced. For the first time in more than 30 years, since the Beatles, young couples started to dance together once more. Today in Brazil there are thousands of Ballroom dancing schools and lots of young happy people dancing together. This was caused by Kaoma's international success.
The international popularity of Lambada was had a great influence on Brazilian culture. Young people came back to the Ballroom dancing. The Lambada became internationally known as much as the Samba.
Relation to Maxixe
Main article: Maxixe (dance)
The association of Lambada and the idea of dirty dancing' became quite extensive. The appellative forbidden dance was and is often ascribed to the Lambada. This was largely due to
its links to Maxixe, the true forbidden dance of the early 1920s in Brazil is the Maxixe, because of its spicy lyrics and movements.
the 1990 movies Lambada and The Forbidden Dance, and
the short skirts, typical to the Lambada dance, that where in fashion around 1988.
Lambada has many links with Maxixe and also with Forro. They have many figures in common. For example:
Balo apagado, a figure were the lady rotates her head while it hangs loose.
Peo (also called boneca or toy doll), a figure were the lady swings her head from side to side.
Evolution of the Lambada dance
Early interpretations of the Lambada dance
With world repercussion, the dance reached far distortions. Due to a lack of fine Lambada dancers to make films and shows, most professional dancers started changing the way it was danced. Rock spins and steps were added, like those from Jive and East Coast Swing. Also some acrobatic movements became more common-placed.
In contrast, at Lambada contests at "Lambateria UM" (a place of Lambada) contestants were to be eliminated if ever they became separated during the dance.
The Lambada danced to different styles of music
After 1994 the Brazilian music style (also called Lambada), which gave birth to the dance, started to fade away, and the dancers began to use other musical sources to continue practicing the Lambada dance. Among these rhythms were the Flamenco Rumba (such as from the Gipsy Kings) and some Arabian music. Some very resistant dancers started to use other music styles to keep on dancing Lambada. Many of the Caribbean music like Soca, Merengue, Salsa, Kompa, and Zouk were used to dance the Lambada.
Finally the dance recovered most of its original way and style, with less acrobatic moves, smoother, intimate and closer contact. Some people like Adlio Porto, Israel Szerman and Lus Florio (Brazilian teachers) regred that nowadays the dance changed its name to Zouk-Lambada in most parts of Brazil. This is mainly because of its musical orphanage.
Films
Lambada (1990) (Lambada: Set the Night on Fire)
The Forbidden Dance (1990) (Lambada - The Forbidden Dance/Forbidden Dance Is Lambada)
The Fresh Prince of Bel Air (1990) Episode 9 Kiss My Butler-Geoffrey the butler does this dance with his date.
References
^ Dance History
^ Lambada History - www.lambadamecrazy.co.uk
^ http://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pinduca
External links
Overview page with links of Lambada-Zouk dancing scene websites
History of Lambada by Luis Floriao
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