Leather fire-retardant properties of Research and Development (1) - leather, fire-retardant - Plasti

Leather fire-retardant properties of Research and Development (1) - leather

, fire-retardant - Plasti

HC plastic mesh News: In recent years, more and more frequently at home and abroad fires, fire caused casualties and property losses, and growing [1]. With the improvement of living standards, people are more and more attention to fire safety. To prevent fires and reduce the potential fire loss, a variety of flame retardant materials have been widely used. Leather products for its excellent air permeability, permeability, thermal insulation, anti-aging, anti-sweat, abrasion and puncture ability, it has been widely used in forest fire fighting equipment manufacturing, high-rise buildings within the interiors and the aircraft, automotive interiors and office furniture manufacturing and other high areas. For leather, flammable, and burning releases toxic gases and smoke shortcomings, foreign auto companies have made harsh interior leather flame index [2], so fire up leather technology at home and abroad the focus of the industry 1. At present, China for the leather flame retardant materials technology and research and development of small, especially for high efficiency, non-toxic, non-corrosion, durability, multi-functional properties of flame retardant material, is still blank.

1. The mechanism of flame retardant

So-called fire-retardant materials is lower flammability, flame spread rate slows down, when the flames quickly after the removal of self-extinguishing, no longer smoldering. From combustion analysis, the flame retardant to achieve the purpose, we must cut off the fuel, heat and oxygen combustion cycle consisting of three elements. Because Flame Retardant Different approach is different flame-retardant, leather, fire-retardant can be divided into three ways: Gas flame retardant and heat-absorbing role in condensed phase [3].

(1) gas flame. In the gas phase, interruption or delay the chain play a burning flame combustion role, such as halogen flame retardant fire-retardant. The mechanism is handled by the fire retardant leather, heated state in the release flammable gases such as CO2, NH3, HCl, H2O and SO2, etc., these gases reduces the concentration of oxygen in the combustion zone. In addition, leather burning flame of thermal decomposition product of the flame to capture a large number of high-energy of the hydroxyl radical and hydrogen radicals, reducing their concentration, to inhibit or interrupt the chain reaction of combustion, flame retardant to play. This mainly halogen flame retardant system, nitrogen system, etc..

(2) the condensed phase flame retardant?? Cover role. Flame retardants in the solidification phase delay or prevent the flammable gas and generate free radicals; flame retardant materials larger than the heat capacity of inorganic fillers, and thermal conductivity of the material through the heat storage is not easy to reach the thermal decomposition temperature, decomposition of heat-absorbing fire-retardant materials outside heat, leading to the outside temperature is lower; flame retardant material generated burning flame on its surface, heat, carbon and oxygen in the porous layer, resulting in burning of interruption. Its role in history as the flame retardant at a relatively low temperature showed the molten state, so that collagen fibers can be formed on the surface insulation coating; flame retardants can also dehydrated collagen fibers, collagen fibers in the carbonized layer formed on the surface , isolated from the entry of oxygen and the external heat source, and prevent the escape of flammable gas. This representative flame retardants, such as: borax, phosphorus and nitrogen - phosphorus compound system and so on.

(3) endothermic effect. Flame retardant with high heat capacity, phase transition at high temperatures, such as dehydration or dehydrohalogenation endothermic decomposition, will reduce the leather surface and flame temperature, slows down the speed of thermal decomposition reaction, inhibit the formation of flammable gas . Such flame retardants such as magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide.

For the same flame retardant, often playing two or more flame retardant methods, such as magnesium hydroxide flame retardant, decomposed in the combustion process of absorbing a lot of heat, reducing the temperature of the combustion zone, while combustion out of steam, dilution of oxygen concentration in the combustion zone to reduce the likelihood of combustion to continue to play out the gas flame and heat-absorbing mode of action.

2. The status of fire-retardant leather

Present to address the leather flame retardant technology, mainly applied flame method and optimize the process method.

2.1 applied flame method

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