Linux :why Is Linux The Best Best Operating System?
Linux, or GNU / Linux is a POSIX compliant operating system
. Linux is based on the Linux kernel, free software created in 1991 by Linus Torvalds for PC-compatible computer.
Developed on the Internet by thousands of IT volunteers and employees, Linux now runs on hardware ranging from mobile phone to supercomputer. There are many Linux distributions independent for personal computers and servers, where Linux is very popular. They include thousands of software, including the GNU Project, hence the name GNU / Linux. Linux is also popular in embedded system. The Linux mascot Tux the penguin.
In 1991, PC compatible dominate the market for personal computers and generally operate under the operating systems MS-DOS, Windows and OS / 2. The Intel 80386 microprocessor, sold since 1986, began to be affordable. In 1991, none of these three systems properly exploiting the capabilities and 32-bit memory management 80386.
The GNU Project, launched in 1983 by Richard Stallman is known for producing lots of free software, including Unix commands, Emacs text editor and the GCC C compiler. Such software is typically used on workstations running UNIX owner, because the core operating system that Hurd is the planning stage.
In June 1991, the Berkeley Software Distribution (BSD) leaves the Networking Release 2 (Net / 2), which is a free BSD Unix system almost complete. But a lawsuit launched by Unix System Laboratories against Berkeley Software Design has cast doubts on the status of this distribution for almost two years.
The Minix operating system is developed by Professor Andrew Tanenbaum for teaching. It is inspired by UNIX, free, sources are available but not free, and simplicity is preferred over performance.
In 1991, the Finnish student Linus Torvalds, the low availability of Unix from the University of Helsinki uncomfortable, undertook to write a kernel operating system later called "Linux."
Linus Torvalds did when his apprenticeship on the Minix operating system. As the author of Minix refuses to integrate the contributions to improve Minix, Linus decides to write a replacement for Minix. It begins by developing a simple terminal emulator, it uses to connect via modem to the computer server of the university. Linus wants especially when understanding the functioning of his computer, a compatible PC based on Intel 80386 microprocessor. After adding various features including a file system compatible with that of Minix, Linus directs its project to something more ambitious: a nucleus for the POSIX standards.
On October 5, 1991, he announced on the Usenet newsgroup news: comp.os.minix the availability of a draft version 0.02 of its kernel, version 0.01 has been circulated on more than confidence. The message in question and its translation are available on Wikisource.
Since then, hundreds of enthusiasts and businesses, small or giant, came to participate in the project, including Linus Torvalds is still the coordinator. Eric S. Raymond describes in an essay resounding the model of development of the Linux kernel and some free software.
Originally called Freax by its creator, the project got its present name by Ari Lemmke , FTP server administrator ftp.funet.fi, which hosts the work of Linus Torvalds in a directory called Linux. This is the first appearance of a compound word from Linus and UNIX, which later became a trademark of Linus Torvalds in the name. The penguin Tux designed by Larry Ewing in 1996, became the symbol of the project.
In the world of computer servers that Linux has had the most impact, especially with the popular LAMP. On servers, Linux has often been used to replace other Unix and is found to be the only major player with Windows.
In embedded systems, Linux is frequently used with BusyBox and uClibc tools that were developed for materials particularly limited memory capacity. In addition, being able to compile the Linux kernel with options
by: Laura Steinfield
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