Liposuction Has Improved Greatly Throughout Its History

Although it has gained its popularity in the last twenty years

, the idea of liposuction dates back to the 1920s. French surgeon Charles Dujarier developed relatively modern fat removal techniques at this time, but after a fatal case resulting from gangrene in the leg of a French model, body contouring experienced a set back for many decades.

In the late 1960s, surgeons in Europe began using primitive curettage techniques involving scraping out the unwanted fat, but their efforts were primarily ignored because their results were irregular and often caused morbidity (resultant poor health) and bleeding. Finally in 1974, doctors Giorgio and Arpad Fischer, American surgeons experimenting in Rome, invented the modern liposuction procedure.

At that time it was a revolutionary idea to use vacuum suction to remove fat tissue. Until that time fat could only be removed by scalpel. However, it remained largely unknown until French surgeon Dr. Yves-Gerard Illouz presented it in 1982. The "Illouz Method" used a technique of high-vacuum suction-assisted lipolysis after infusing fluid into fat tissue using blunt cannulas. These tubes were small and had holes in the sides, rather than the tips, so the fat removal was less traumatic to surrounding tissue. This method produced favorable results with little morbidity. Following Illouz's success, other doctors began experimenting with liposuction, developing their own variations and achieving mixed results.

Also in 1982, Dr. Jeffrey Klein introduced the "tumescent technique". This technique used large volumes of fluid to dilute a local anesthetic, which allowed the procedure to be executed in an office setting under intravenous sedation instead of a general anesthesia. Because it was performed outside of a hospital setting, there was also less risk of disease. Nevertheless, after concerns over the high volume of fluid and potential toxicity of lidocaine arose, the procedure evolved into a lower volume form of "super wet" tumescence.

In the late 1990s, ultrasound came on the scene of liposuction and was used to first liquefy fat with ultrasonic energy before removing it. However, complications were increasingly reported and enthusiasm waned. Since then techniques involving laser-tipped probes have been introduced and are being evaluated for any potential benefit over traditional procedures.

Throughout its history, liposuction has evolved to be more effective at removing fat cells with less blood loss, discomfort, and risk. The use of vasoconstrictors mixed with the local anesthesia has decreased bleeding by 90% because they constrict blood veins and allow them to clot quicker. More recent developments show great potential for decreasing recovery time.

by: Christian Heftel

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