Microsoft Bookshelf - China Wood Texture - Fine-brick Texture
Content
Content
The original 1987 edition contained The Original Roget's Thesaurus of English Words and Phrases, The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, World Almanac and Book of Facts, Bartlett's Familiar Quotations, The Chicago Manual of Style (13th Edition), the U.S. ZIP Code Directory, Houghton Mifflin Usage Alert, Houghton Mifflin Spelling Verifier and Corrector, Business Information Sources, and Forms and Letters. Titles in non-US versions of Bookshelf were different. For example, the 1997 UK edition included the Chambers Dictionary, Bloomsbury Dictionary of Quotations, and Hutchinson Concise Encyclopedia.
The Windows release of Bookshelf added a number of new reference titles, including the The Concise Columbia Encyclopedia and an Internet Directory. Other titles were added and some were dropped in subsequent years. By 1994, the English-language version also contained the Columbia Dictionary of Quotations; The Concise Columbia Encyclopedia; the Hammond Intermediate World Atlas; and The People's Chronology. By 2000, the collection came to include the Encarta Desk Encyclopedia, the Encarta Desk Atlas, the Encarta Style Guide and a specialized Computer and Internet Dictionary by Microsoft Press.
Bookshelf was discontinued in 2000. In later editions of the Encarta suite (Encarta 2000 and onwards), Bookshelf was replaced with a dedicated Encarta Dictionary, a superset of the printed edition. There has been some controversy over the decision, since the dictionary lacks the other books provided in Bookshelf which many found to be a useful reference, such as the dictionary of quotations (replaced with a quotations section in Encarta that links to relevant articles and people) and the Internet Directory, although the directory is now a moot point since many of the sites listed in offline directories no longer exist.
Technology
Bookshelf 1.0 engine
Bookshelf 1.0 used a proprietary hypertext engine that Microsoft acquired when it bought the company Cytation in 1986. Also used for Microsoft Stat Pack and Microsoft Small Business Consultant, it was a Terminate and Stay Resident (TSR) program that ran alongside a dominant program, unbeknownst to the dominant program. Like Apple's similar Hypercard reader, Bookshelf engine's files used a single compound document, containing large numbers of subdocuments ("cards" or "articles"). They both differ from current browsers which normally treat each "page" or "article" as a separate file.
Though similar to Apple's Hypercard reader in many ways, the Bookshelf engine had several key differences. Unlike Hypercard files, Bookshelf files required compilation and complex markup codes. This made the files more difficult to pirate, addressing a key concern of early electronic publishers. Furthermore, Bookshelf's engine was designed to run as fast as possible on slow first-generation CD-ROM drives, some of which required as much as a half-second to move the drive head. Such hardware constraints made Hypercard impractical for high-capacity CD-ROMs. Bookshelf also had full text searching capability, which made it easy to find needed information.
Bookshelf 2.0 engine
Collaborating with DuPont, the Microsoft CD-ROM division developed a Windows version of its engine for applications as diverse as document management, online help, and a CD-ROM encyclopedia. In a skunkworks project, these developers worked secretly with Multimedia Division developers so that the engine would be usable for more ambitious multimedia applications. Thus they integrated a multimedia markup language, full text search, and extensibility using software objects, all of which are commonplace in modern internet browsing.
In 1992, Microsoft started selling the Bookshelf engine to third-party developers, marketing the product as Microsoft Multimedia Viewer. The idea was that such a tool would help a burgeoning growth of CD-ROM titles that would spur demand for Windows. Although the engine had multimedia capabilities that would not be matched by Web browsers until the late 1990s, Microsoft Viewer did not enjoy commercial success as a standalone product. However, Microsoft continued to use the engine for its Encarta and WinHelp applications, though the multimedia functions are rarely used in Windows help files.
Viewer 3.0
In 1993, the developers who were working on the next generation viewer were moved to the Cairo systems group which was charged with delivering Bill Gates' vision of Information at your fingertips. This advanced browser was a fully componentized application using what are now known as Component Object Model objects, designed for hypermedia browsing across large networks and whose main competitor was thought to be Lotus Notes. Long before Netscape appeared, this team, known as the WEB (web enhanced browser) team had already shipped a network capable hypertext browser capable of doing everything that HTML browsers would not be able to do until the turn of the century. Nearly all technologies of Cairo shipped. The WEB browser was not one of them, though it influenced the design of many other common Microsoft technologies.
Versions
16-bit versions for DOS/Windows from 1987-1995
32-bit versions for Windows and Mac:
Bookshelf 95 for Windows 95
Bookshelf 1996-'97 Edition
Bookshelf 98 (last version for Macintosh)
Bookshelf 99
Bookshelf 2000 (last English version for Windows)
Bookshelf 3.0 Japanese (last version for Windows)
32-bit version contents
Package
Dictionary
Thesaurus
Almanac
Chronology or Timeline
Quotation Dictionary
Encyclopedia
Atlas
Web directory
Other reference materials
Other reference materials
Bookshelf 95
The American Heritage Dictionary, 3rd Ed.
Roget's Thesaurus
World Almanac and Book of Facts 1995
The People's Chronology
Columbia Dictionary of Quotations
The Concise Columbia Encyclopedia Third Edition
Hammond World Atlas
Internet Directory 95
ZIP Code and Post Office Directory
Bookshelf 1996-'97 Edition
The American Heritage Dictionary, 3rd Ed.
Roget's Thesaurus
World Almanac and Book of Facts 1996
The People's Chronology
Columbia Dictionary of Quotations
The Concise Columbia Encyclopedia Third Edition
Concise Encarta 96 World Atlas
Internet Directory 96
ZIP Code and Post Office Directory
Bookshelf 98
The American Heritage Dictionary, 3rd Ed.
Roget's Thesaurus
World Almanac and Book of Facts 1997
The People's Chronology
Columbia Dictionary of Quotations
Encarta 98 Desk Encyclopedia
Encarta 98 Desk World Atlas
Internet Directory 98
ZIP Code and Post Office Directory
Computer & Internet Dictionary
Bookshelf 99
The American Heritage Dictionary, 3rd Ed.
Roget's Thesaurus
Encarta 98 New World Almanac
Encarta New World Timeline
Columbia Dictionary of Quotations
Encarta 99 Desk Encyclopedia
Encarta 99 Desk World Atlas
Encarta Grammar & Style Guide
Computer & Internet Dictionary
Bookshelf 2000
The American Heritage Dictionary, 3rd Ed.
Roget's Thesaurus
Encarta 2000 New World Almanac
Encarta 2000 New World Timeline
Columbia Dictionary of Quotations
Encarta 2000 Desk Encyclopedia
Encarta 2000 Desk World Atlas
Encarta Manual of Style & Usage
Computer & Internet Dictionary
References
^ Bernstein, Paul (1992). "Computers for Lawyers". Chapter 25. ATLA Press 1992 ISBN 0-941916-64-2. http://www.cyberbarassociation.net/cfl/book/chpt25.htm. Retrieved 2006-04-18.
^ Bookshelf British Reference Collection
^ Nielsen, Birger (2006). "Microsoft Bookshelf 1994". The Tea Page. http://www.246.dk/teamsb94.html. Retrieved 2006-04-18.
^ Allan, Roy (2001). "A History of the Personal Computer: The People and the Technology". Chapter 12 Microsoft in the 1980s. Allan Publishing 2001 ISBN 0-9689108-0-7. http://www.retrocomputing.net/info/allan/eBook12.pdf. Retrieved 2006-04-18.
^ Pruitt, Stephen. Microsoft Multimedia Viewer How-To Cd: Create Exciting Multimedia With Video, Animation, Music, and Speech for Windows/Book and Cd. Waite Group Pr. ISBN 1-878739-60-3. http://www.amazon.com/dp/1878739603/.
Categories: Reference works | Discontinued Microsoft software | Educational software | Windows software
by: gaga
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