Naivety of Darwinism
Naivety of Darwinism
Naivety of Darwinism
Naivety of Darwinism
Article
By
Souran Mardini Ph.D
Naivety of Darwinism:
The Evolution Theory, instigated by Lamarque and developed by Darwin, postulates a simplified and reductionalist explication of the mechanism of the evolution of animals in view of a precise finality decided individually by every proper species. The Darwinian idea of, survival of the fittest' is the key of the evolution of life: before it became a theory of evolution, Darwinism constituted a theory of adaptation, i.e. the capacity of organic structures to be preserved and to be diffused in an environment determined by the tendency of reproduction. For Darwin, the natural selection is above all and fundamentally is a producer mechanism of adaptation; its functioning supposes that it exists a population of organisms presenting different aptitudes to the reproduction; aptitudes that vary according to the characteristics transmitted by hereditary. The principle contribution of the Darwinian Theory of natural selection was to reply to the problem that Newton formula has posed in the twenty-eighth question of his perspective: how come the bodies of animals are designed with such an art and for what purpose all were their different parts made?'
Apart from the absence of proof for motivation, of control and of design in the theory of Evolution, it does not explain the origin or the presence of phenomena, not less than the driving-engine of the process of change (evolution).
Apart from lack of proof for decisive links among species, the theory of natural selection does not know how to explain the reason of being -i.e. the selective advantage- of death. Natural selection as well as the adaptation that constitute the Darwin theory are not founded on concrete empirical evidence but are themselves presumed precise finalities. Darwin has replaced metaphysical finality by physical finality, itself subject to scientific verification.
In this context, the following question imposes itself: What, in fact, actualizes natural selection and adaptability and for what reason?
Descamps considers that, this theory is also more enigmatic and incomprehensible in the sense where it resorts to, with its claim to natural selection, to hazard, i.e. to a postulate of an impossible explication that pleads its own end.' The giraffe, by making efforts to stretch its neck to the highest branches, has given birth to the actual giraffes. The link between a dinosaur and a pigeon, a butterfly and an elephant, or a chimpanzee and man, has never been established by the presumptions of the Evolution Theory.
By admitting finality and by discarding the explanation of the origin as well as the presence of living beings, Darwin states that: In nature nearly all parties of every living being, probably serve in a way slightly different in according to finalities are functioning in the living mechanism of many specific forms, old and distinct.' His efforts aim at explaining the adaptation mechanism. This conception is expressed by Darwin in, The Origin of Species:
Each detail of the structure of every living creature maybe considered as having had a specific utility for a certain ancestral form or a specific utility in the topicality for the descendants of this form, directly or indirectly, through complex laws of development'. View the great variety of species, the complexity and lack of links between them, as well as the distinction of characteristics and its behavior, Darwinism remains sterile as an explanation. In addition, if the first cell (which remains to be explained in presence, origin, formation and function) has developed in a different way in these species, the first cell in every species must be the great engineer, conceptor as well as the creating force, with creative intelligence and control over all forms of life. It must be the designer and producer of a complete evolution and development of a life-cycle determining form, structure, beginning and end. The aspect of the Darwinian adaptability demonstrates that living systems must have the capacity to transmit genetically the hereditary characteristics, and by conserving and improving it, for the purpose of survival.
Gustavo Caponi states that, if it means only to subsist (and not, for example, to be more complex, more intelligent or more beautiful) and if adaptation is nothing but this aptitude to endure, then it suffices for this to have a producing mechanism of alternative forms totally involuntarily so that the proper viability or non viability of these alternative forms lead to their elimination or to their conservation.'
The Darwinian argument is based on the teleological link namely the mechanical finality identified as scientific and not on a causal connection.
Darwinism is short of providing answers to the following queries of how come that:
A. Each species is distinct from another species.
B. There is no evidence of a starting point in the evolution process.
C. There is no evidence of its origin.
D. There is no evidence of any relation among the species.
E. There is no evidence of an evolutionary process on any level in the actual presence of all species.
F. There is no proof of any link within a presumed evolution within one species.
G. There is no evidence for any evolutionary-link relation among different species.
H. The present existing species do not evolute any more?
. The cross-evolution does not continue, even in a fractional manner, and why should it keep to its precise actual present form?
A chimpanzee evaluating into a biped, a Neanderthal and then into Homo sapien sapien is a product of the imagination of
Darwin. A Dinosaur who evolved into a pigeon, claimed by a seminar of scientists in Washington Seattle recently, cannot be taken seriously. An ant does not show any tendency to evolve into an elephant, and we do not know if a butterfly shows desire to become a hippopotamus. We conclude, that in view of no proof, evidence or even an index, the Darwinist Theory of Evolution does not explain the reality of the presence, origin, function of living species. Whatever this Theory assumes is, in our view, a conjectural hypothetical explanation of the reality of living species. Each species, among the two million species, has its unique characteristics which we identify it with it. Although every living phenomenon is made up largely of water, minerals and metals, they do not necessarily emerge out of water nor do they need to evolve from one another.
The Darwinist Theory is no more than a belief system that is void of empirical foundation and lack greatly in real satisfactory explanations.
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