Nuclear Power Plants In India
Nuclear Power Corporation of India Limited (NPCIL)
, under the administrative control of Department of Atomic Energy (DAE), is entrusted with design, construction, commissioning, operation and maintenance of nuclear power reactors in India.
In India, there are 20 nuclear reactor units located across the nation, generating 4780 MW of electricity.
Tarapur Atomic Power Station (TAPS): Tarapur Atomic Power Station (TAPS) has the distinction of being India first commercial
Nuclear Power Plant (NPP). TAPS is located at Tarapur, about 120 kilometers from Mumbai in Maharashtra. The first two reactors of TAPS, TAPS-1&2, are Boiling Water Reactor (BWR) units of 160 MW each. These first two units became operational in 1969. Recently, two more reactor units, units-3&4 of 540-MW each, based on indigenous Pressurized Heavy Water Reactor (PHWR) technology have been added at the TAPS site. Tarapur Atomic Power Station-3 (TAPS-3) began commercial operation in August 2006, whereas Tarapur Atomic Power Station-4 (TAPS-4) became operational in September 2005.
Rajasthan Atomic Power Station (RAPS): Rajasthan Atomic Power Station (RAPS) is located near Rawatbhata village in Rajasthan. RAPS is a nuclear park site, consisting of as many as six operating nuclear reactor units, whereas two more units are under construction. The first two 220-MW reactors built at the RAPS site began commercial operation in 1973 and 1981, respectively, followed by four more PHWR units, taking the total to six 220-MW units. Currently, units-7&8 indigenously designed 700-MW PHWRs are under construction at the RAPS site. These latest two reactors are scheduled to be completed in the year 2016-17.
Madras Atomic Power Station (MAPS): Madras Atomic Power Station, MAPS, located at Kalpakkam in the state of Tamil Nadu, is India's first fully indigenously developed and constructed
Nuclear Power plant. It has two PHWR units of 220 MW each. MAPS-1 began commercial operation in January 1984. Madras Atomic Power Station-2 (MAPS-2) became operational in March 1986.
Narora Atomic Power Station (NAPS): Narora is located at Bulandshahar district in Uttar Pradesh and the plant is situated on the banks of river Ganga. The two Pressurized Heavy Water Reactor (PHWR) units of 220 MW each at NAPS were commissioned in 1989 and 1991, respectively. Narora Atomic Power Station-1 (NAPS-1) began its commercial operation in January 1991. The commercial operation of Narora Atomic Power Station-2 (NAPS-2) began in July 1992.
Kakrapar Atomic Power Station (KAPS): Kakrapar Atomic Power Station (KAPS), comprising two 220-MW PHWR (Pressurized Heavy Water Reactor) units, is located near Surat in the state of Gujarat. The power station was established in the early 1990s. KAPS-1 became commercially operational in May 1993. KAPS-2 began commercial operation in September 1995. In addition to the existing units, two 700-MW indigenous PHWRs, namely KAPS-3&4, are being implemented currently at this site
Kaiga Generating Station (KGS): Kaiga Generating Station (KGS), comprising four 220-MW PHWR units, is situated on the banks of the Kali River in Uttar Kannada district of Karnataka. The two units of Kaiga (KGS-1&2) became commercially operational in the year 2000. KGS-3 began commercial operation in May 2007 and the fourth unit (KGS-4) began commercial electricity generation in January 2011.
Kudankulam Nuclear Power Project (KKNPP): Kudankulam is located at Tirunelveli district of the southern state of Tamil Nadu. Kudankulam units-1&2, 1000 MW each, are the first Russian VVER-type nuclear power reactors in India. KKNPP-1 is ready and is expected to be commissioned very soon. KKNPP-2 will also become operational in a sort time following the commissioning of unit-1. Also, four more reactors are planned at the KKNPP plant site. The commissioning of Kudankulam units-1&2 will add 2000 MW of power to the southern power grid, taking the total to 22 nuclear power reactors and total installed capacity to 6780 MW of electricity generation in India.
Prototype Fast Breeder Reactor (PFBR): In addition to the abovementioned PHWRs, India is also pursuing a fast-breeder reactor program. Bhartiya Nabhikiya Vidyut Nigam Limited (BHAVINI), a sister company of NPCIL under the administrative control of DAE, is constructing a 500-MW Prototype Fast Breeder Reactor (PFBR) at Kalpakkam, Tamil Nadu. The PFBR is expected to be commissioned in sometime in 2012.
by: Sujata Arora
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