Quiropterofilia The Pollination

Flowers pollinated by bats offer food to their pollinators such as nectar

, pollen or rarely fleshy bracts sugary. The latter occurs in Freycinetia ( Pandanaceae ), where flowers are also pollinated by birds connection or by other groups. The species F. insiginis , Indonesia, is pollinated by flying foxes and differs from species pollinated by birds that have strong smell and inflorescences open in the evening, this flower bracts offers sweet. 1 in F. baueriana New Zealand possibly adapted to be pollinated by bats of the genus Mystacina ( Mystacinidae ), extinct or rare in the island, could be being pollinated by the marsupial Trichosurus vulpecula , who gets to eat the succulent bracts that also serve as food for rat Rattus rattus and the bird Prosthemadera novaesselandiae . 7 species Bassiaand Madhuca corolla are very sweet and easily detached. In this type of flowers are not large amounts of pollen or nectar 4

Bat-pollinated flowers produce more nectar than any flower pollinated by another group, this related to the large size of bats. In Ochroma lagopus and O. grandiflora was nectar of 7 and 15 ml. 4 In the New World has quiropterofilia flowers with nectar rich in glucose, whereas in the Old World nectar rich in sucrose. 1

Heithaus et al. (1974) 8 found a different use of nectar in the flowers of Bauhinia pauletia depending on the size of the bat, the largest group coming in, they land and take nectar from inflorescences, make fewer visits, but take a relatively long time at each visit, while bats make several small but very short visits, probably small amounts of nectar licking each visit, hovering in front of the flower. The pollen of certain flowers brush type (which also offer nectar) is eaten by bats. This occurs in the New World and the Old World as families Myrtaceae , Bombacaceae, Sapotaceae , Fabaceae -Mimosoideae , Agavaceae and Cactaceae . Large amounts of pollen may be provided by many stamens or anthers very large or a mixture of male flowers with other hermaphrodites. The lengthening of anthers is obvious in Ceiba , Bauhinia , Agave , Eugenia cauliflora . The multiplication of stamens can be seen in Pseudobombax with hundreds of stamens or Andansonia having from 1500 to 2000 anthers. April 1

It also suggests that much pollen or many or large anthers make up the difference of large size in relation to pollinator stigmatic area rather than being a reward for bats. 8 3 Howell (1974) states thatLeptonycteris holds its pollen protein requirement, which is sufficient in quality and quantity. She also says that the chemical composition of pollen from flowers pollinated by bats is adapted for use by them, and is different from the composition of pollen of related species that are pollinated by other animals or by wind. These flowers produce copious pollen with abundant essential amino acid supplementation and an abundance of two amino acids of particular importance for bats. This can be considered as part of the coevolution syndrome quiropterofilia of these flowers.

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by: Plumstech

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