Role Of Cooling Towers In Industrial Use.

Cooling towers are nothing but a heat removal devices used to transfer process waste heat to the atmosphere

. Cooling Towers are commonly used for cooling the circulating water used in oil refineries, chemical plants, power stations and building cooling. Cooling tower varies in sizes and shapes and named according to the use and nature of work. Few of them are such as

1) Timber Cooling Towers : includes most Conventional method [Natural Draft Cooling Towers or Fanless Filless Cooling tower] and mechanical type, Induced Draft Counter Flow Cooling tower and Cross Flow Cooling Towers.

Natural Type Cooling Towers are nothing but the water is cooled with natural atmospheric air traveling and the water is sprayed with the help of Spray nozzles and covered with louver covers. This method saves the operating cost because it has no mechanical fans. This cooling towers are called as atmospheric cooling tower or Fanless and fillless cooling tower. The main advantage of Fanless cooling towers are energy saving through fanless system.

Mechanical Type, Induced Draft Cross flow Cooling Towers are the common timber type Cooling Towers Frequently required by all the major sector customers. The cross flow Cooling Towers are having mechanical Fan and the water is cooled with the help of mechanical Fan motor. Mechanical cooling towers provides better thermal performance, low drift loss suitable for the current water scarced world. These cooling towers are having the highest Delta T and greater efficiency and lower & easy maintenance cost. These cooling towers has both single side and double side air intake. So depends upon the site condition you can prepare the model of the tower. These towers can be used for which ever quantity of water-cooling by extending the size and lengths by increasing the Standard Size Pressure treated wooden Frames. The woods used for manufacturing the Cooling Towers are completely seasoned chemically treated, lightwood. The Splash bars, Drift Eliminator, Fan duct and complete Structures are made out of the same wood.

Timber Cooling towers are useful for chemical plants, air conditioning plants, induction furnace, injection moulding machine, chilling plants, oxygen plants. diesel generating sets and heat exchangers. And also for steel industries, cement industries, chemical industries, and water effluent treatment industries.

2) FRP Cooling Towers : are manufactured with Glass reinforced plastic mostly in wind with standing bottle type and square type models. It is a mechanical type Counter Flow Tower. FRP Cooling tower intakes the air from bottom and discharge the waste heat at the top. Since the water is traveling from top and the air passes from bottom to top, the water droplet have more direct contact time with air. The wet cooling Towers are cooled with the help of evaporating some proportionate quantity of cirulating water.

The bottle type tower casing is filled with Honeycomb type PVC FILLS. The rotating water distributor sprinkler is fixed in the top of the inlet pipeline and the same distributes the hot water evenly over the Honeycomb Fill media. The sprinkler will be operated with self-propulsion system. The PVC Fills is corrugated with channels between each flutes to prevent the blockage and giving more and large surface area per unit volume. The cold air meets the cold water at the bottom of the infill providing maximum evaporation and heat transfer in the infill.

Finally FRP Cooling Towers are more compact, light in weight, least power consumption, long-lasting, Durable and lowest maintenance expenditure. Since Hot dip galvanized structural and stainless steel fasteners are used, FRP Towers are corrosion Free.

Adjustable pitch, Aluminium [LM-6] or FRP Fan Blades are directly mounted on the Electric motor [IP 55, with Stainless steel shaft, TEFC Special type cooling tower motor] to avoid excess power consumption and unnecessary gear driven problems. All moving parts can be easily approached from top. So easy maintenance is possible. Smaller capacities are factory assembled and just bolting at site is enough. However higher capacities are assembled into the site only to avoid excess transportation cost. Our range includes 5 to 600 TR in single cell and multiple cells are used for further capacities.

3) Dry Cooling Tower : is one of the latest model Cooling Tower. It is specially designed with copper or aluminium finned tube to increase the heat transfer area and these towers are particularly designed for water scarce areas.

Since Dry Cooling Tower is functioning with Air-cooling Technology, there is no need of excess water evaporation or make up is required to operate the cooling Tower. And also, the Process/Engine water/oil is directly taken from the system to Dry Cooling Tower. So the mid-Heat Exchanger is not required. When comparing with other type Cooling Towers these towers are zero maintenance and long-lasting.

Dry Cooling Towers are nothing but extended type radiator Cooling. The tubes are wounded with integral Aluminium or copper wire / strip type fins for increasing the Heat Transfer areas. In this system the core area [Heat Transfer area] is cooled with a intake cooling Fan at the top with the help of IP 55, TEFC Electric motor in counter flow method to maximize heat transfer efficiency. The hot media [primary] will be circulated inside the tubes and the atmospheric air is used as the secondary media to cool the primary media. Since all the heat Transfer areas can be easily approach, the periodical cleaning and maintenance will be very easy. And also the replacement period is also more when comparing with other cooling Tower systems. Since oil/water is cooled by a single heat Exchanger system, cost energy cooling water and maintenance spent can be reduced, various hot media can be cooled simultaneously by the same fan using sectionalized parts.

4) The FRP/ Timber Natural traditional Cooling Towers are called as Fanless or Fill less Cooling Towers because in this model no fan or fill is used to cool the water.

In Timber atmospheric / Fan less Cooling tower , treated wooden louvers were used as the side wall of the Cooling Tower to restrict the water spillage and allow the outside wind passage to go inside the Cooling Tower and act as the Cooling media. Simply says, in Fan less Cooling Towers the Hot water will be sprayed in the top of the Cooling Tower with spray nozzles into small droplets like mists and the droplets are crossed with the atmospheric wind flow to get the water cooled. The same technique is used in FRP Fanless / Natural Draft / Fill less Cooling Towers. Instead of costly timber louvers, FRP louvers are used. This Fanless cooling towers are very economically operating Cooling Tower. Since there is no fan or electric motor, there is no huge operating or maintenance cost involved in this Cooling Tower. And also in Energy efficiency point of view, this is the best Payback Cooling Tower when comparing with other models.

And also very low noise operated Cooling Tower. The noises of other model cooling towers are due to Fan, Motor, Gear box and Drive shaft and its vibrations only. Since these models of Cooling Towers are not having Fan, motor, Gear boxes, this equipment has no trouble-some of noise and vibration.

5) The Air Cooled Heat Exchangers are also known as Fin fan Coolers. Fin Fan Cooler is nothing but traditional name of Air Cooled Heat Exchanger. Since Fins are used in the Cooler it is called as Fin fan Cooler. Please refer Air cooled Heat Exchanger for all the details. In the Fin fan coolers, the ambient air is used as the cooling media to cool

the main hot fluid which is used in tube side. All the tubes used in the coolers are finned tubes only. The finned tubes are having more contact surface , hence the fin fan cooler is one of the best closed circuit and water savable cooling system.

For more information. Please visit our website at http://www.unitedcoolingtower.com/

by: Sevan

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