Lasik is considered to be the safest eye surgery procedure and the most accurate one. It's comes with a time-tested technology and today, it is quite a common method used all across the globe. Vision problems occur when cornea isn't round enough and the light rays are not refracted correctly, therefore, a perfect image isn't formed.
In Lasik eye surgery, laser beam is used to modify the shape of the cornea. Adjusting the shape of cornea is like correcting the foundation of eye problems. If your cornea is in the right place, you will have the correct vision. It's a minor surgery that doesn't involve any risk, but yes, you need to consult an experienced surgeon for this.
In surgical terms, LASIK stands for Laser-Assisted in-situ Keratomileusis. This means that laser would be used underneath a corneal flap (in situ) to reshape the cornea (keratomileusis). Lasik eye surgery applies a highly specialized excimer laser specially designed to treat refractive errors and vision improvement. There are 3 major types of Lasik surgery and is used to correct both the myopia and hypermetropia-
PRK (Photorefractive Keratectomy) is the primitive kind and this is how lasik was introduced. The process is still is in use but the modern ones come with advanced technology and equipment. This process involves scraping a few surface cells off the cornea gently and then using a laser beam to re-shape it.
E-LASIK or Lasek (Laser Epithelial Keratomileusis) is the next type. It is used for individuals with mild to moderate short-sightedness. The corneas in this case are too thin and delicate for regular Lasik Surgery. Therefore a finer blade is used to cut a tiny flap from the epithelium of the cornea and is lifted with great care and precision. And then Lasik follows with reshaping the cornea.
Epi-LASIK or (Epithelial Laser In-Situ Keratomileusis) is almost similar to the previous one. The only difference being the gentle separation of the flap by a specially designed instrument instead of cutting the tiny flap and using alcohol to loosen it.