Sodium Iodide

Uses

Uses

Sodium iodide is commonly used to treat and prevent iodine deficiency.

Sodium iodide is used in polymerase chain reactions, and also (as an acetone solution) in the Finkelstein reaction, for conversion of an alkyl chloride into an alkyl iodide. This relies on the insolubility of sodium chloride in acetone to drive the reaction.

R-Cl + NaI R-I + NaCl

Sodium iodide doped with thallium, NaI(Tl), when subjected to ionizing radiation, emit photons (i.e., scintillate) and are used in scintillation detectors, traditionally in nuclear medicine, geophysics, nuclear physics, and environmental measurements. NaI(Tl) is the most widely used scintillation material and has the highest light yield of the commonly used scintillators. The crystals are usually coupled with a photomultiplier tube, in a hermetically sealed assembly, as sodium iodide is hygroscopic. Fine-tuning of some parameters (i.e., radiation hardness, afterglow, transparency) can be achieved by varying the conditions of the crystal growth. Crystals with a higher level of doping are used in X-ray detectors with high spectrometric quality. Sodium iodide can be used both as single crystals and as polycrystals for this purpose.

The radioactive iodide salt of sodium, Na131I, is used for the treatment of thyroid cancer and hyperthyroidism.

Solubility data

Solubility of NaI in various solvents

(g NaI / 100g of solvent at 25C)

H2O

184

Liquid ammonia

162

Liquid sulfur dioxide

15

Methanol

62.5 - 83.0

Formic acid

61.8

Acetonitrile

24.9

Acetone

28.0

Formamide

57 - 85

Acetamide

32.3

Dimethylformamide

3.7 - 6.4

References

^ The Free Dictionary: sodium iodide 131I

^ Burgess, J. "Metal Ions in Solution" (Ellis Horwood, New York, 1978) ISBN 0-85312-027-7

See also

Gamma spectroscopy

Scintillation counter

Teratology

External links

International Chemical Safety Card 1009 - Sodium Iodide (Anhydrous)

Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) - Safety data for sodium iodide

Sodium Iodide Consumer Information

Surveillance and Measurement (SAM) Model 940 Radioactive Isotope Identification Device

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Sodium compounds

NaAlO2 NaBH3(CN) NaBH4 NaBr NaBrO4 NaCH3COO NaCN NaC6H5CO2 NaC6H4(OH)CO2 NaCl NaClO NaClO2 NaClO3 NaClO4 NaF NaH NaHCO3 NaHSO3 NaHSO4 NaI NaIO3 NaIO4 NaMnO4 NaNH2 NaNO2 NaNO3 NaN3 NaOH NaO2 NaPO2H2 NaReO4 NaSCN NaSH NaTcO4 NaVO3 Na2CO3 Na2C2O4 Na2CrO4 Na2Cr2O7 Na2MnO4 Na2MoO4 Na2O Na2O2 Na2O(UO3)2 Na2S Na2SO3 Na2SO4 Na2S2O3 Na2S2O4 Na2S2O5 Na2S2O6 Na2S2O7 Na2S2O8 Na2SeO3 Na2SeO4 Na2SiO3 Na2Te Na2TeO3 Na2Ti3O7 Na2U2O7 NaWO4 Na2Zn(OH)4 Na3N Na3P Na3VO4 Na4Fe(CN)6 Na5P3O10

Categories: Sodium compounds | Iodides | Inorganic compounds | Metal halides | Phosphors and scintillatorsHidden categories: Chemboxes which contain changes to watched fields

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