Special Adaptations
Cytoplasmic organelle responsible for implementation of photosynthesis are the chloroplasts
, polymorphic structures and green (this coloration is due to the presence of the pigment chlorophyll ) characteristic of the plant cells . Within these organelles is a chamber containing an internal environment called stroma, which contains various components, including enzymes that include the transformation of carbon dioxide into organic matter and a flattened sacs called thylakoids or lamellae, which membrane contains photosynthetic pigments. On average, a leaf cell is between fifty and sixty chloroplast inside. 41 39 organisms having the ability to carry out photosynthesis are called photoautotrophs (other nomenclature as possible is to autotrophic , but it should be noted that under that name also cover those bacteria perform chemosynthesis ) and fix CO 2 atmosphere. Currently there are two types of photosynthetic processes, which are oxygenic photosynthesis and anoxygenic photosynthesis. The first of these forms is typical of higher plants, algae and cyanobacteria , where the electron donor is water and, therefore, oxygen is evolved. While the second, also known bacterial photosynthesis, is carried out by purple bacteria and green sulfur , where the electron donor is in the hydrogen sulfide, and consequently the released chemical element is not oxygen but sulfur, that can be accumulated inside the bacteria, or alternatively, the water expelled.
Some plants such as cacti , have transformed their leaves into spines , are the trunks, fleshy, flattened, those who work as photosynthesis . The leaves of the stems underground, as in the onion , can become nutrient reserve organs. The most extreme case seems to be that of carnivorous plants in the leaf becomes a trap , like a predator is involved.
Cataphylls : are single sheets, escamiformes, papery and without chlorophyll. When you are an intermediate between cotyledons and true leaves are called protofilos. Cataphylls also scales wintering yolks as well as those lining the bulbs , and any remaining blade below and above nomofilos cotyledons.
Tendrils : These are bodies which they use certain plants for climbing or subject to other, curling. There are a variety of earrings, the most important type-derived Stem-or stem, leaf type, derived from leaves, which are of interest here. Are modified leaves that grow spirally, so that if the body they are attached, grows or moves away, the tendril can be stretched without breaking or losing the support to vegetable. Tendrils are seen, for example, in the vine ( Vitis vinifera ) or tumble ( Passiflora mollissima ).
Thorns : short needle-like leaves are lignified, clorofilianas not to satisfy the protection function. As in the case of the tendrils, not all thorns are modified leaves, some are epidermal appendages, the stings of the roses, others are modified stems, and finally, many are modified leaves. The latter is the case in the Crassulaceae and Cactaceae , which are the most popular of thorny plants. These plants store water in their succulent leaves and stems as their habitat is typically hot and dry areas where water is scarce.
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by: Plumstech
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