Spiral Mixers And Other Inventions In The Field Of Bakery

One of the most ancient and popular nourishments of history

, bread has undergone many developments and is now widespread all over the world. Nowadays we know many different types of bread and the professionals of bakery use many different types of machines from spiral mixers to sieving machines - to make all sorts of bread. The variety of bread that we know is the result of centuries of developments in this sector: with the passing of centuries many novelties have been introduced in the field of bread production, and although in different countries and regions of the world you can find types of bread that are very different from each other, we can certainly claim that bread is something that almost all the cultures and peoples of all times and from all continents have in common.

But when was the first type of bread made and eaten? As above said, bread has a very ancient origin, and now we know that it was already known by the Homo erectus: at that time people used to grind cereals using two stones and to mix all with water, then the dough was cooked on a hot stone. Although this ancestral type of bread was different from the varieties that we eat nowadays, we cannot deny that the main ingredients were the same: cereals and water.

Also the Egyptians used to make and eat bread, and they considered this aliment as a real source of richness. In the beginning the Egyptians used to cook bread on a hot stone, but with the passing of time they invented new ways to do that and began to cover the stone with a vase or to cook the dough inside a hole dug in the ground and covered with stones, where a fire was lit. When temperature was high enough, the fire was extinguished, ash was taken away and replaced by the dough. The hole was then covered with a stone and the bread cooked slowly inside the hole. Later on the Egyptians also invented the first clay ovens, and it was in the ancient Egypt (about in 3500 BC) that fermentation was discovered. This was one of the main developments in the history and evolution of bread: the Egyptians discovered that leaving the dough open air and cooking it the day after, bread became softer and more fragrant.

Among the ancient populations that ate bread we must speak also about the Greeks, who invented many different variants of breads (about 70), adding to the basic ingredients (cereals and waters) many other ingredients, like milk, oil, cheese, herbs and honey.

Nowadays you can find bread wherever you go, although there are variations depending on the part of the world where you are: in western countries, for example, wheat is mainly used to make bread, and in many European and American countries it is the most important source of carbohydrate for people. In colder European countries the most widespread type of bread is made of rye, while in Africa and Arab countries people often eat millet and sesame bread.

by: Michele de Capitani

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