Tempered Glass Is An Important Aspect Of The Basic Requirements
1. Gas medium steel method
1. Gas medium steel method
Gas medium steel method, that is air-cooled steel method. Including the level of air cushion steel, roller steel horizontal, vertical steel were used. The so-called air-cooled steel method is to heat the glass to close to the glass softening temperature, and then blown to its side while cooling the air so quickly to increase the mechanical strength of glass and thermal stability of production methods. Heating glass physical quenching is the production of tempered glass steel is an important aspect of the basic requirements for quenching glass is cooled quickly and evenly, resulting in uniform distribution of stress, to obtain uniform cooling of glass, it must require cooling effective evacuation of hot air device, easy to clear the broken glass generated by chance and should try to reduce the noise.
Advantages and disadvantages:
Air-cooled steel has the advantage of lower cost, higher yield, high mechanical strength, thermal shock resistance and high thermal gradient, and air-cooled glass addition can enhance the mechanical strength, the in broken form when small debris, reduce the harm to human body. However, the thickness and shape of the glass have certain requirements, and the slow cooling rate, high energy consumption, for the thin glass, toughened glass during the deformation of the problems still exist, not in the fields of high optical quality within the application.
Scope: At present, technology is widely used air-steel, glass and more air steel used in cars, ships, buildings.
2. Liquid medium steel method
Liquid steel method, that is liquid cooling method. The so-called liquid cooling method is to heat the glass to its softening point, the release of the quench tank were filled with liquid steel. At this point you can use salt water as cooling medium, such as potassium nitrate, potassium nitrite, sodium nitrate, sodium nitrite and other mixed salt water. In addition, you can use mineral oil as a cooling medium, of course, can also be added to the mineral oil additives such as toluene or carbon tetrachloride. Some special quenching oils and silicone oils can also be used. Conducting liquid steel, due to the edge of the glass first into the quench tank, and therefore a stress caused by uneven burst. To solve this problem, first with air-cooled or pre-cooling spray, etc., and then into the organic liquid quenching. You can also quench bath in the water and organic solvents, organic solvents floating in the water above, when the heating of the glass into the slot, the organic solvents play a pre-cooling effect, absorb some heat, and then into the water by rapid cooling in addition to immersed in the cooling liquid, liquid spray method can also be used, but generally was used to immersion. UK Triplex company's first 80 in the last century with the liquid medium on the steel out of 0.75 ~ 1.5 mm thickness of glass, not the end of the physical steel steel thin glass history. Liquid steel is difficult to establish a reasonable method of liquid cooling method technology systems, liquid cooling steel should pay attention to two issues: first, the pressure generated by high stress layer, the second is to avoid glass burst.
Advantages and disadvantages:
Liquid medium steel method, because a larger specific heat of water, gasification, so that a greatly reduced amount, thereby reducing energy consumption, reduced costs and fast cooling, security, high-performance, deformation. Since cooling the heated glass into a liquid medium, so for larger unevenly heated glass is easily affected by the quality and yield.
Application: mainly used in steel of all kinds of small area thin glass, such as optical glass. Liquid crystal display glass, optical glass and other instruments.
3. Particulates steel method
This method is heated to near the glass softening temperature, in a fluidized bed of solid particles by size is generally less than 200 m of the alumina particles quench Ershi glass was enhanced a technological method. Theoretically solid as a cooling medium can be used
To produce thinner, lighter, higher strength glass, so the mid 70s of last century to the early '80s, the United Kingdom, Japan, Belgium and Germany in succession this technology in production.
Advantages and disadvantages: particle method can be tempered glass steel ultra-thin glass. High strength and good quality. Is a manufacturer of advanced technology high-performance tempered glass. New Process Steel of particulate and traditional technology of wind compared to steel. Cooling the cooling medium to large, suitable for ultra-thin glass, steel, energy-saving effect is remarkable. However, steel particles costly process of cooling medium.
Application: High strength, high precision and ultra-thin glass, thin glass.
4. Fog steel method
To spray water as a cooling medium, using spray exhaust equipment, and make the process of glass in steel more uniform cooling, energy consumption, smaller, better performance, after tempering. Spray exhaust equipment connected by a number of mutual parallel and arranged on the grid at the bottom shape
Barrel structure, composition, structure from the bottom of each barrel, partitions, exhaust nozzle and a number of larvae L form. Similar to the gas law, but the use of the cooling medium than air, but a spray of water. Feature is to spray water as cooling medium, on the glass steel
Treatment. Larger than the hot water, all the liquid in the vaporization heat of water is highest. In glass tempering process, the mist sprayed continuously heated glass surface, the spray of water in particulate 100 quickly become the water absorbs heat, re-gasification, using a large and specific heat of water vaporization heat high this feature. The glass surface of a large number of hot moments away, making the glass quenched steel, the surface of glass caused by permanent compression stress, thereby enhancing the tensile capacity of the glass to make glass tempering. Mist by compressed air injection method, steam or hydraulic spray injection method, wherein such heated glass surface, due to exposure to red hot spray of water will quickly heat-absorbing glass and gasification expansion, if ordered free diffusion. Will affect the uniformity of cooling the glass, easy to make the glass burst. This. Required to design a unique spray exhaust equipment, so has the water gasification and gas may expand to take away.
Advantages and disadvantages: easy to get the cooling medium, low cost, do not pollute the environment, but also tempered the general gas, liquid and particulates can not tempered steel thin glass. But difficult to control the cooling uniformity. Scope: difficult to control because of its cooling system, now seldom used.
by: sunny00123
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