The Three Basic Types Of Cordless Tool Batteries Explained

The primary thing that you should be aware of about rechargeable batteries

, is that they can and do vary in quality depending on what company they are made by. This is why cordless tool battery makers that use high grade raw materials will offer a better quality product.

As an example, perhaps you may have gotten your hands on some counterfeit brand name disposable batteries in the past, and wondered why they were junk. The reason for that is simple. In metals refining, and metallurgy in general, high purity levels tend to be difficult to achieve. The raw components in batteries are basically metal based.

The nickel cadmium battery or Ni Cad, derives its name from the fact that its electrodes are made from nickel oxyhydroxide, and metallic cadmium. Ni Cad batteries are capable of supplying relatively high surge current levels, due to their low internal resistance, and this is what makes them such a great battery for cordless power tools.

It was this particular style of battery that was around to provide the power for the very first original cordless power tools to hit the market. Another thing worth noting about them is that in spite of their well known memory effect they do remain a popular seller due to the fact that they are affordable.

Then there is the NiMH and while it is similar to the Ni Cad with their nickel oxyhydride positive electrodes it does have one note worthy difference. That is that this particular type of battery contains a negative electrode that's made entirely out of an alloy that absorbeds hydrogen. So then how do the NiMH, and the Ni Cad compare when it comes to performance issues?

The fact is that there are two very noteworthy differences. The first one is that the NiMH in fact brings with it absolutely no memory effect what so ever. The second difference, is that this battery also has the ability to contain up to three times as much power per charge. So then why not simply go with one over the Ni Cad? The NiMH just doesn't have the same high level surge capacity.

Then there is the even newer lithium ion battery and of all three types the materials quality that goes into this particular type is crucial to its level of performance. This is why one tool companies LI can be far superior to another makers even though they may look alike.

LI batteries have the highest energy to weight ratios of all three types listed. They also have no memory effect, and a slow loss of charge when they're stored. LI batteries also have a high power surge capacity, and in fact it's even higher than the Ni Cad. Their one drawback however, is that lithium-ion batteries do tend to be the most expensive to buy.

by: Sandi Feris

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