The development trend of foreign instrumentation
The development trend of foreign instrumentation
50 in the early 20th century, instruments achieved a major breakthrough, the emergence of digital technology to come out to a variety of digital devices, the simulation precision of the equipment resolution and measurement speed of several orders of magnitude, for the realization of test automation has laid a good basis. The mid-20th century, 60, another measurement made progress, the introduction of the computer, the functions of the instrument has undergone a qualitative change in power from the individual measurements into a measurement of the system parameters to be imposed, from the simple to receive, display changes for the control, analysis, processing, calculation and display output from a single measurement instrument into a measurement system used to measure. 70 years of the 20th century, computer technology in the instrumentation of the further penetration of electronic equipment in the traditional time domain and frequency domain in addition, there was the data fields (Datadomain) test. 80 years of the 20th century, the microprocessor is used as instruments in front of the unit began to develop in the direction towards the keyboard, the last visual for regulating the time-base or rate of rotation disk, choose the voltage and current range, or function of the slide switch , pass, break the key has disappeared. The main mode of measurement system is the use of the cabinet form, all delivered through the IEEE-488 bus, a controller. Test, the rich BASIC language program available to high-speed test, different from the traditional model of independent instruments has been the development of individual instruments. 90 years of the 20th century, instrumentation and measurement of scientific progress and the progress made significant breakthrough. This progress was marked improvement in the level intelligent instruments, especially in the following areas: advances in microelectronics devices will be more profoundly affected instrument.
Four development characteristics
Application of New Technology
Current prevailing EDA (electronic design automation), CAM (computer aided manufacturing), CAT (Computer Aided Test), DSP (digital signal processing), ASIC (application specific integrated circuit) and SMT (surface mount technology) and so on.
Changes in product mix
In importance, while high-end instrument development, focus on high-tech and large wide product development and production. Focus on systems integration, not only focus on the single, more emphasis on systems, products soften, with the various types of equipment installed on the CPU, is digitized, the software into a huge human, financial, future instruments summarized into a simple formula : instrument = AD / DA + CPU + software, AD-chip analog signal into a digital signal, and then transformed through the software processing the output with the DA.
A change in product development guidelines
From technology-driven to market-driven, from the sophisticated to the blind pursuit of "just right." Develop criteria for a successful product, the user has a clear demand; can use the shortest development time to market; features and performance to be just right; product development guidelines for the other change is the shrinking direction, focus on strengths.
Production technology emphasis on professional production, is no longer a big and
Automated production test system. At present, many with GP-IB instrument set up automated test systems, production line testing of a big cabinet, fast automatic testing, statistics, analysis and printing out the results.
The development trend of automation equipment
Industrial automation and control devices include transmitters, regulators, control valves and other equipment, control instruments from the base-type regulator (transmission, direct, regulate the integration of instruments), the experience of a pneumatic, electronic control to computer control System (DDC), until today's distributed control system DCS. DCS has gone through 20 years of mileage, DCS for its high reliability, convenient configuration software, rich control algorithm, the advantages of open networking capabilities, the rapid development of control systems into the mainstream computer industry. PLC with its compact structure, function simple, fast, high reliability and low price, prompt access to wide range of applications, has become an alternative to keep pace with the DCS control system of the mainstream industry. Present in PLC-based DCS has developed rapidly, PLC and DCS mutual penetration and integration, competition, has become the development trend of industrial control systems. DCS has experienced start-up (1975 ~ 1980), mature (1980 ~ 1985), expansion (since 1985) Several development period, in perfect control, information processing capacity, speed and configuration software to achieve impressive achievements, has become the mainstream of computer control system. Today almost every developed country has to produce their own DCS, more than 100 manufacturers have sold tens of thousands of units (sets). Concentration of the major manufacturers in the United States, Japan, Germany and other companies.
Currently, approximately 200 PLC manufacturers now account for 30% market share. The main producers are the United States, AB, Modicon Corporation, GE, Siemens AG of Germany, France, Teleme Cangue company, Japan's Omron Corporation, Mitsubishi Electric Corporation. PLC will work with IPC, DCS integration, PLC Automation has become total and the largest market share in process control systems products. According to U.S. experts predict, PLC in 2000 accounted for more than 50% market share of control.
Fieldbus technology is 90 years of the 20th century as a rapidly developing field automation equipment for a variety of control systems with network communication technology, is used for a variety of field instruments (including transmitters, actuators, recorders, Single Loop Controller, Programmable Logic Controller, Process Analyzer, etc.) and computer-based control systems for the data communication system. It was predicted, based on field bus FCS (Fieldbus Control System) will replace the DCS control system to become the leading, Internet and Intranet technology will enter the control area, computer automation systems to penetrate the enterprise, from production to management, until all aspects of business.
Global automation market demand will grow rapidly. Process Automation Instrumentation market sales in 1996 reached 46.1 billion U.S. dollars, by 2001 will grow to 59.9 billion U.S. dollars, is expected in 2006 will reach 70 billion U.S. dollars. From 1996 to 2001 the annual average growth rate of 3.9%, and from 2001 to 2006 average annual growth rate will reach 4.6% in real terms, 2006 sales of 76.1 billion U.S. dollars. Mainly used in glass, ceramics, steel and nonferrous metal industry, rolling mills and aluminum sheet, chemical, food and pharmaceutical industry, petrochemical industry, pulp and paper industry, environmental protection, mining, oil and gas industry.
In 1996, automated production systems and the maintenance of 46.1 billion U.S. dollars, some 40.6 billion U.S. dollars belonging to automation projects, 54 million was for operational. Measurement and automation technology as a new investment, investment in plant modernization will increase 2 to 3 times. By 2006 the global process automation market demand for the products: Mining industry of 70 billion U.S. dollars, raw materials 90 billion to 36 billion U.S. dollars in the process industry, power plants of 110 million, the environmental protection industry 70 billion dollars. The global regions, North America accounted for 27.2%, Western Europe accounted for 26%, Asia and Africa (excluding Japan) accounted for 21.1%, Japan 12.3%, 4.7% Eastern Europe, South America 4.9%, 3.7% other regions, from which to see the prospects for market development in Asia and Africa the best.
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