Transformers And Their Utility

Almost everyone has heard about transformers

Almost everyone has heard about transformers. How they look like, what is their general use and things like that. But what most people don't know is the technicalities of a transformer. Though not very complicated but they are very interesting to know, and that is what we are here to talk about.

Technically speaking, a transformer is a device which transfers electrical energy from one circuit to another through inductively coupled conductors coils. A varying current in the first or primary winding creates a magnetic flux in the core of the device and thus a varying magnetic field through the secondary winding. This winding induces a varying electromotive force or generally speaking voltage in the secondary winding. This effect is called mutual induction. By passing and circulating such voltages, this device works, producing high quantity of energy we require.

These vary in their sizes too. From thumbnail size to the ones hidden inside a microphone to huge tonnes located at the corner of buildings. It is very difficult to find an electrical place where these cannot be found.

Basically speaking Transformers are of various types based on their usage and utility. These include: Autotransformer, Polyphase, Leakage Resonant Audio and Instrument.

Auto Transformers are used where stepping up or stepping down of voltage is required. The range is generally 110 117 -120 volt and the voltages in 220 230 240 volt ranges. A variable autotransformer is made by exposing the part of winding coils and making the secondary connection through a sliding brush, giving a variable turns ratio.

Polyphase ones are basically three phase supplies, where all three phases can be incorporated as a single three phase transformer. Here, the magnetic circuits are connected together, the core thus containing a three phase flow of flux. Also known as zigzag transformer, these are used in grounding and in suspension of harmonic currents.

Leakage ones are also known as stray field transformers because of their higher leakage Inductance as compared to others. These are generally used for arc welding and voltage discharge lamps. These are also used in toys and doorbells.

Resonant ones are just like the Leakage ones where it uses the leakage circuits to create one or more resonant circuits. These are usually used in CCFL inverter and superheterodyne receiver.

Audio ones are those especially meant for audio circuits. They are used to block frequency interference or DC component of an audio signal. Generally used in loudspeakers or in a high impendence instrument these work as an amplifier.

The last ones Instruments are used for measuring voltage and current in electrical power systems, power system protection and control.

All said and done, when manufacturers make transformers, they ensure that their uses and utility are taken into account.

by: pgrtransformers

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