Treatment And Prevent Diseases In Gums

Gum diseases contribute as one of the main reason for tooth loss

. Diseases of the gums can range from the mild inflammation that may be associated with bleeding gums called Gingivitis .The more severe form of gum disease where the underlying bone and tissues get involved is called Periodontitis. This is associated with the mobile and shaky teeth that may eventually lead to tooth loss. These diseases occur over a long period.

The easiest method of prevention of chronic gum disease are-

1) Maintain a good oral hygiene by brushing your teeth twice daily.

2) Addition oral hygiene measures like flossing should be encouraged.

3) A healthy diet with leafy green vegetables and fruits improve the overall health of your gums.

4) Regular check up with dentist can help detect any early signs of disease.

5) Avoid smoking.

6) People with medical conditions or taking long term medications that cause Dry Mouth need to keep their mouths hydrated sometimes with artificial supplements.

7) Hormonal changes like pregnancy can trigger changes in gums and may lead to gum disease. In such conditions timely intervention of dentist can help control the disease.

However, if the disease already exists the treatment can be planned according to the stage and condition of gums.

Non Surgical treatment, Scaling and root planning

The simplest and cost effective method of treating gum diseases involves the removal of tartar and plaque from the surface of tooth and from below the gum line by a dentist. This procedure is called scaling and root planning. It makes tooth surface smooth and thus makes it difficult for the harmful bacteria to stick.

Periodontal Surgery

An advanced disease of gums that involves underlying tissues called Periodontitis may require surgical treatment depending upon the stage of the disease.

Periodontal Pocket reduction

Gum disease causes the gums to move away from the tooth surfaces and form spaces around the tooth. These spaces called pockets accumulate food particles and harmful bacteria and are difficult to reach. The bacteria harboured in these areas releases toxins that destroy the tissues around the tooth, making the pocket deeper. The Pocket Reduction procedure involves deep cleaning of the pockets under local anaesthesia and then repositioning the gums to fit snugly around the tooth .This eliminating the inaccessible areas called Pocket.

Tissue Regeneration

When the loss of tissues in the gums is more, certain membranes, bone Grafts and tissue stimulants may be used surgically to increase the support for the tooth and stimulate the bodys ability to regenerate the lost bone and tissues. The placements of these membranes, bone or tissues provide additional support to the teeth.

Gum Graft Surgery

Exposure of root surface of teeth occurs due to gums pulling away from the surface of tooth in periodontal disease thus exposing the tooth root. It is called Gingival Recession.

The root exposure looks anaesthetics and also causes sensitivity. However it can be treated by surgically covering the exposed root surface by Connective tissue grafts. Connective tissue grafts may be harvested from the palate or other sites in the mouth .This procedure reduces the sensitivity of the teeth and also improves the aesthetics of your smile.

However oral hygiene measures and timely visits to a dentist not only go a long way in prevention of gum diseases but are also essential in maintenance of gum condition post surgery. A recall program ranging from once in 3-6 months may be set by dentist for scaling and root planning and monitoring the progress after surgery.

by: Dr. Mridul Seth

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