Vapor Atmosphere Spray Dryer

A vapor atmosphere spray dryer comprising: a closed-loop circuit including a dryer

, a bag house filter system, a fan, and a heater system, the dryer, the bag house filter, the fan, and the heater system fluidly connected together for circulating a mass of superheated vapor through the closed-loop circuit; a centrifugal atomizer disposed within the dryer; and a feed system for delivering a supply of feed slurry to the centrifugal atomizer, the feed system operably arranged with the centrifugal atomizer for providing a supply of atomized feed slurry for combination with the circulated mass of superheated vapor within the dryer; wherein the closed loop circuit is constructed such that the circulated mass of superheated vapor has an operating pressure of at least 1 psi and the operating pressure of the recirculated mass of superheated vapor is generated by the evaporation of the fluid in the atomized feed slurry in the dryer resulting from the combination of the supply of atomized feed slurry and the circulated mass of superheated vapor.

Spray drying is a common processing operation whereby solids dissolved in an aqueous solution or present in the form of a slurry, for example, are dried to a finely divided powdery product. Conventionally, the process includes atomizing the solution or slurry in the form of finely divided droplets which are then evaporated and dried in contact with a current of hot air at elevated temperature which acts as the drying medium.

The present invention is broadly concerned with improved twin screw extruder devices of a highly versatile nature which can be used for the production of a wide variety of end products of varying densities, cook values and expansion ratios, without the need for extensive machine modifications. The extruders of the invention include a twin screw assembly having non-parallel, tapered conical screws with the flighting of the screws intercalated along the length of the extruder barrel to define close-clearance, preferably constant dimension, alternating upper and lower nip areas and trailing kneading zones and reverse flow passageways; the nip areas create high pressure zones within the barrel which propel material forwardly, while the material is kneaded and allowed to reverse flow in the zones and passageways. In other embodiments, an infinitely variable die assembly including a shiftable stem movable between a waste disposal position and a variety of extrusion positions. A specialized fluid extraction final extruder head is also provided, which allows oils or other fluids to be efficiently extracted, particularly with the aid of a supercritical extractant such as carbon dioxide.

by: ericfu

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