War and peace in Islam: Part I
War and peace in Islam: Part I
War and peace in Islam: Part I
Muslims are commanded to invite to the way of God, should they do so, in the best peaceful manner possible. Three conditions are specified in this respect: the means of wisdom, reasoning out in the nest of ways and good sermon:
Invite to the way of your Lord with wisdom and good sermon, and reason with them in the best of ways, for your Lord knows best of him who goes astray and He knows best of him who goes aright.' 16: 125
Muslims constituting the Islamic Umma seek peace and are commanded not to commit acts of transgression:
And do not transgress, for God loves not those who transgress.' 2: 190
Help you one another in righteousness and piety, but do not help one another in sin and transgression: and fear God for God is strict in punishment.' 5: 2
The condition of fighting in the Qur'anic text is strictly restricted to a defensive war against those who fight against Muslims or take possession of their properties. The principle of waging war in Islam is defensive and offensive. It is only declared when Muslims are aggressed or their properties are taken unjustly. Transgression is met by defensive attitude:
If any one transgresses against you, then transgress you likewise against him.' 2: 192
War is waged by all Muslims against those who commit aggression against them. All out war is the mode of defensive war in Islam:
Fight the disbelievers all together as they fight you all together.' 9: 39
With this text there is no place for interpretation employed by some exegetes as (fard ayn and fard kifaya), where only it is supposed that a faction of Muslims suffices to defend the Islamic Umma.
Fighting against the aggressing enemy is prescribed for Muslims in the Qur'an. The texts inform us of the likely Muslims' reactions of abstaining from fighting in the cause of God:
Fighting is prescribed for you, though it is hateful unto you, but you may dislike a thing which is good for you, and may love a thing which is bad for you, but God knows and you do not know.' 2: 216
O you who believe! Whoso of you becomes a renegade from his religion, God will bring a people whom He loves and who love Him humble toward believers, stern toward disbelievers, striving in the cause of God, and fearing not the blame of any blamer.' 5: 54
Worldly life is exchanged for the hereafter in compensation:
Let those fight in the cause of God who sell this worldly life for the hereafter.' 4: 74
Distinction in fighting is made in the Qur'an between those who fight in the cause of God and those who fight in the cause of other than God which identified as the cause of the Devil:
Those who believe, fight in the cause of God, and those who disbelieve fight in the cause of evil: So fight you against the friends of Satan.' 4: 76
War and peace in Islam: Part I
By: mardini
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