What Are Coriolis Flowmeters Used For

The experiments and research conducted by Gaspar Gustav De'Coriolis

, eventually led to his discovery of the Coriolis Effect in 1843. His breakthrough laid the groundwork for the future creation of Coriolis Flow Meters. However, a lack of electronics and sensors delayed commercial development of the meter until the seventies and were not seen within industrial applications until the eighties.

The Coriolis Effect has to do with the question Napoleon had asked de Coriolis in relation to the reason his cannon balls never went straight. More specifically, the tendency of moving things, such as the cannon balls drifting to the side in response to the earth's rotation. Within the Southern Hemisphere the deflection is to the left and in the Northern Hemisphere it is to the right.

The Coriolis Effect

Most people are more familiar with the concept of the Coriolis Effect in relation to weather. This understanding relates to the jet stream which causes the clouds to move west and east. The clouds are deflected from the earth's rotation, which causes them to rotate or spin. Thunderstorms often occur as a result of the clouds rotation.

Application in Design

The discovery made by de'Coriolis, served as the paradigm for future Coriolis Flow Meters designs. Two of the most popular types of Coriolis Meters, consists of the single and double u-shaped tube design. The design builds off the idea of the Coriolis Effect, therefore relating to its ability to measure mass flow directly, in addition to density and volume. Mass measurements are important for businesses such as process plants.

Past Frustrations

Originally, people obtained the weight of mass through weighing the liquid on a scale.. Essentially, this worked well for batch processes operations. However, this type of measurement was often ineffective for continuous processes, since they were usually only limited to volumetric measurements. Other measurement tools also were restricted to volumetric measurements as well. Often, the measurements obtained for mass flow had to be fixed in accordance to pressure and temperature.

Innovation in Design

The invention of the Coriolis Flow Meter, allowed for the direct mass measurement, while eliminating inaccurate calculations affected by the properties in the liquid. The Coriolis Flow Meter uses a dual tube design that works to the advantage of the meters operation. The U shaped design is what is used to guide the flow of the liquid. During this time the fluid causes a twisting or rotation to occur, due to the Coriolis acceleration that occurs opposite to the applied force.

One example of the occurrence is when the tube moves toward an upward motion during the first portion of the cycle. During this time the fluid builds in resistance to it being forced up by pushing downward. On the other hand the liquids exiting resist vertical motion depression by pushing upward.

Of course there is a lot more to its operation, however, this is an overview regarding the history and operation of the Coriolis Flow Meter, which never would have existed if not for the French Mathematician.

by: Andrew Long

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