Which disease need liver transplant? India Liver Transplant Consultant
Which disease need liver transplant? India Liver Transplant Consultant
There are numerous diseases of liver which may need transplant. By and large progressive and irreversible disease process leading to end stage liver disease need transplant. All the diseases are treated with drugs first and transplant is the last option. Transplant is needed when drugs fail to act; and expectancy and quality of life is predicted to be short.
Following are the diseases which may require transplant:
1) Viral Hepatitis induced cirrhosis
a. Hepatitis B
b. Hepatitis C
2) Alcohol induced cirrhosis
3) Inborn errors of metabolism
a. Hemochromatosis (increased producing and deposition of iron in body mainly liver)
b. 1 Antitrypsin deficiency (absence of chemical, important for maintaining function of lungs and liver)
c. Wilson's disease (increased production and deposition of copper in the body mainly liver)
d. Glycogen storage disease type I/ III
4) Cholestatic disease
a. Biliary atresia (birth defect leading to failure of development of bile draining tubes)
b. Primary biliary cirrhosis (obstruction to flow of bile primarily in the liver)
c. Familial cholestasis Byler's syndrome, anteriohepatic dysplasia (congenital stasis of bile inside liver)
d. Cystic fibrosis, Insipissated bile syndrome leading to cirrhosis.
e. Primary sclerosing cholangitis (scarring, narrowing and inflammation of biliary tree)
f. Secondary biliary cirrhosis (irreversible liver damage due to obstruction to bile tubes from outside the liver)
5) Acute fulminant hepatic failure
a. Drug induced paracetamol poisoning
b. Fulminant Hepatitis A or E (severe form of liver injury which results in failure of liver)
6) Vascular
a. Budd Chiari Syndrome (blocked of hepatic veins)
7) Congenital abnormalities
a. Urea cycle enzyme deficiency
b. Homozygous hypercholesterolemia
c. Primary hyperoxaluria type
d. Familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy
8) Developmental abnormalities
a. Polycystic liver disease (formations of multiple fluid filled cavities inside liver)
b. Caroli's disease (birth defect of biliary radicles, dilatations inside liver leading to failure to drain bile)
9) Tumors
a. Hepatocellular carcinoma (cancer of liver)
b. Metastasis to liver (cancer spread from other organs)
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