summary of endotracheal tube

summary of endotracheal tube

summary of endotracheal tube

The present invention is directed to an endotracheal tube which can be inserted through the mouth or nose and past the larynx of a patient and into the tracheal and mainstem bronchial passages. Extending from the tracheal portion of the tube is a bronchial portion which may be placed in either the left or right mainstem bronchus (singular) of the patient. The bronchial portion is angled with respect to the tracheal portion. The size of the angle corresponds to the angle between the trachea and the mainstream bronchus of the patient. Generally, these angles are age dependent and are known. The single lumen of the endobronchial tube of the present invention has an inner diameter sufficient to allow access through the single lumen to the patient's lungs and respiratory system with additional instrumentation, as required. The bronchial portion of the endotracheal tube has a balloon situated on the inside of the tube which can be inflated or deflated. By inflating the balloon, the lung into which the bronchial portion has been advanced can be collapsed so that selected surgical procedures may be performed on the collapsed lung.

Positioned along the tracheal portion of the endobronchial tube of the present invention is at least one external balloon cuff which can be selectively inflated and deflated. When inflated, the tracheal balloon cuffs prevent retrograde air from escaping between the endotracheal tube and the trachea. Positioned between the external tracheal balloon cuff and the distal end of the endotracheal tube is an air outlet port from the tube through which oxygen from a respirator input to the endobronchial tube can escape into the patient's respiratory system in order to ventilate at least one of the lungs. In one embodiment of the invention, the opening includes an extendable tube which can be inflated to extend it into the bronchus of the patient.

Located at a distal end of the bronchial portion of the endobronchial tube is a second air outlet port through which air may exit to allow successful collapse of the lung. Thus this acts as a vent. The internal bronchial balloon serves to provide a seal so that the collapsed lung is not ventilated when the tracheal portion is actively ventilated. The second air outlet may also be used to provide oxygen at low flows when deemed necessary clinically.

An endotracheal tube has a proximal end and a distal end and includes a tracheal portion having an opening at the proximal end and a bronchial portion attached at an angle to the tracheal portion. The bronchial portion has an opening at the distal end of the endotracheal tube. A balloon is positioned within the endotracheal tube. The balloon blocks the flow of gas through the bronchial portion of the endotracheal tube when inflated. The endotracheal tube also has an opening positioned between the proximal end and the balloon. The opening in the endotracheal tube between the proximal end and the balloon is positioned to allow ventilation of the lung opposite the lung into which the bronchial portion is adapted to extend into. The endotracheal tube further includes an inflatable bronchial extension tube having a first end and second end. One of the first end and the second end corresponds to the opening in the endotracheal tube positioned between the proximal end and the balloon and the other of the first end and the second end adapted to extend into a bronchus of a patient when inflated. In some embodiments, the endotracheal tube also includes a cuff positioned around the end of the bronchial extension tube adapted to extend into a bronchus of a patient when inflated. The cuff is separately inflatable from the inflatable bronchial extension tube. In other embodiments, the balloon positioned within the end of the bronchial extension tube is adapted to extend into a bronchus of a patient when inflated. The balloon is separately inflatable from the inflatable bronchial extension tube. The inflatable bronchial extension tube may include a bellows. The inflatable bronchial extension tube may also be adapted to extend at a selected angle from the tracheal portion of the endotracheal tube.

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