subject: What You Should Know About Gum Disease [print this page] Gum disease, or periodontal disease, is a common condition that can result in mild inflammation of the gums and, without proper treatment, bone destruction and tooth loss. Mild forms of the disease can be treated, while more severe cases may require surgery. In order to prevent gum disease, it's important to understand the basics, including causes, risk factors and types. Find more information below.
What is Gum Disease:
Gum disease occurs when your teeth's support system, which includes the gums and bone that surround your teeth, becomes infected by bacteria in plaque. Many people don't realize they have gum disease until they begin to experience pain, swelling or bleeding in their gums. If this happens, professional dental treatment is necessary in order to have a healthy mouth.
What Causes Gum Disease:
Plaque buildup is one of the main causes of gum disease. Plaque is an invisible, sticky film that forms through the interaction of food sugars and bacteria. Normal brushing helps control plaque, but when left to build up in the mouth, plaque can begin to attack and irritate the gum line, leading to swelling and bleeding. A lack of treatment causes gum disease to become more severe, eventually leading to serious periodontal conditions.
Types of Gum Disease:
The mildest form of gum disease is gingivitis, which occurs when a buildup of plaque leads to gum inflammation. Many people suffer from gingivitis, and common symptoms include bleeding, swollen gums when brushing or flossing. Gingivitis is treatable and reversible with professional cleanings and proper dental hygiene practices. More advanced forms of periodontal disease include periodontitis, which occurs when gingivitis is not treated in time. Once the plaque and infection begins to spread below the gum line, the gums pull away from the teeth to form pockets and eventually lead to the destruction of bone. Some cases of periodontitis may require surgery, and tooth loss can occur in the worst cases.
How to Prevent Gum Disease:
In order to prevent gingivitis and severe cases of periodontitis, it is important to maintain a good home care and professional cleanings. Brushing and flossing on a regular basis, at least twice a day and ideally between meals as well, can help control plaque buildup and prevent your gums from becoming infected. Visit the dentist regularly for check-ups and cleanings to ensure that your teeth remain healthy and to catch any dental issues before they become serious problems. Remember: A healthy mouth starts with you!
