subject: High-performance Geocomposite Drainage Systems [print this page] The basic principle behind geocomposite drainage systems is to include the best features of various materials in such a way that specific applications are performed in the best manner and at minimum cost. It results in increased benefit/cost ratio. There are numerous geocomposite drainage materials in use. The relationship between hydraulic gradient and transmissivity for most synthetic drainage materials is known to be non-linear.
The basic functions of any drainage system may include: controlling the overlying excessive grow-supporting material in a drained condition; preventing chronic anaerobic conditions; supporting the principal mechanism for releasing storm-event runoff including eliminating surface flow and reducing seepage flow in the growth-supporting media. Other functions may include a suitable prospect for introduction of irrigation and escalating root-volume available for the plants.
Drainage is basically divided into two classes aggregate drains and geocomposite drains, which may be combined or used separately in combination with the drain outlets. Aggregate drain layers are less than 4 inches in depth and should be smoothly drained. The use of deeper layers restriction can be used to support water holding capacity. There are lots of granular materials can be used that may include gravel & fines, lava & pumice, expanded clay & slate, and various recycled materials such as crushed roofing tiles or brick.
In order to increase the drainage capacity, the large quantities of drainage material, generally rounded stones, are installed along the eaves and near outlets. Geocomposite drainage systems include drains of two or more materials, one of which is a geosynthetic. Drains may be a combination of different drain types. Entangled Polymeric Filament Mats are mats composed of entangled filaments of various polymers which support flow of water from any direction. Generally, these mats have a geosynthetic filter attached to one or more sides. Second type is Shaped Plastic Membranes, made of regular sheets of different polymers warped to form dimples, studs or pegs. Other types include drainage capacity on both sides of the membrane as well as water holding.
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