subject: Basic Video Editing 101 [print this page] Basic Video Editing 101 Basic Video Editing 101
There are three key stages to video production; pre-production (storyboarding, scripting, creating a shot list), production (filming stage) and post production (editing, grading footage and adding VFX). Editing is a crucial component in producing the final video as it where the story/narrative is shaped. The editing process takes the numerous amounts of recorded footage and reduces it down (by cutting, slicing, overlaying and trimming) into a skilfully produced final product. On a basic level, video editing is the process of rearranging or modifying segments of video to form part of an entire sequence. The goals of video editing are the same as in film editing - the removal of unwanted footage, isolation of desired footage and arrangement of that footage in time to create a consistent and continuous final sequence (called the "final cut").
Until recently video editing was only possible with the help of expensive equipment and a substantial amount of training. During the traditional "non-linear" editing days Quadruplex videotape was edited by visualising the recorded track with Ferro fluid and physically cutting the film with a razor blade or guillotine cutter and splicing it with tape. Nowadays, modern non-linear editing systems use video which is digitally captured onto a hard drive from an analogue or digital video source. Nevertheless, despite the end of "linear" editing and introduction of these "non linear" editing systems, video editing still works with the same basic principles of motion picture film editing.
With advancements in computers and technology, video editing is a continually changing environment, fuelled by the rapid development of new hardware and software. Computer video editing software, also known as Non Linear Editing (NLE) consists of application software which handles the entire process of editing video sequences. Using software such as Sony Vegas, Apple's Final Cut Pro and Adobe's Premiere, footage is first ingested and recorded natively into the appropriate codec and stored on the computer (this stage is called "capturing"). The footage is then logged, i.e. the editor makes note of the scene, shot number, take number and any additional information. It is then arranged in folders ("bins"), which is where appropriate clips (if they are part of the same scene) are grouped together. Once this stage is completed the editor moves on to the actual cutting of the footage.
NLE software is typically based on a timeline interface where clips are dragged onto a video track and laid out in sequence. They offer a range of tools for trimming, splicing, cutting and arranging clips across the timeline. As digital NLE systems have improved there are now features for colour manipulation, title animation and visual effects, as well as tools for mixing audio. After the Clips have been arranged on the timeline, music tracks and titles added and effects created, the final sequence is "rendered" into a finished video. The video is then distributed in a variety of ways such as DVD, Blue-ray, web streaming (QuickTime h.264, flv) or even mobile devices (such as iPod's, Blackberry's).
Skilful editing can make a vital contribution to a video's impact. The way you interrelate shots not only affects their visual flow but directly influences how your viewer reacts to what they are seeing, i.e. interpretation. Editing is an extremely important part of the production process - poor editing can leave the viewer confused, whereas proficient editing creates interest, tension or build up excitement and this is essential in holding the audience's interest and communi
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