subject: Hand Pump Attachable Iron Removal Plant - CSIR - NEERI Technology [print this page] Hand Pump Attachable Iron Removal Plant - CSIR - NEERI Technology
HAND PUMP ATTACHABLE IRON REMOVAL PLANT
Recently I visited CSIR technofest 2010 showcased by Council of Scientific & Industrial Research, New Delhi, at India International Trade Fair in New Delhi, the Capital of India. In this technofest, I have seen a technology "Hand Pump attachable Iron Removal Plant" which was developed by NEERI (National Environmental Engineering Research Institute), Nagpur, under the aegis of CSIR, New Delhi, India.
Iron is not considered to be hazardous to thehealth. Iron is essential for good health because it transports oxygen in your blood. But excess iron content in water is definitely a health problem to the humans. For instance, when the level of iron in water exceeds the 0.3 mg/l limit, we experience red, brown, or yellow staining of laundry, glassware, dishes, and household fixtures such as bathtubs and sinks. The water may also have a metallic taste and an offensive odor. Water system piping and fixtures can also become restricted or clogged.
Types of Iron
1) Soluble - "Clear water" iron, if allowed to stand for a few minutes, reddish brown particles will appear in the glass and eventually settle to the bottom.
2) Insoluble -When insoluble iron, or "red water" iron is poured into a glass, it appears rusty or has a red or yellow color.
The presence of iron in water for carbonating is, as a rule, very troublesome. The removal of iron from water is sought by various methods. If it is present in soluble form, it can only occur as protoxide, in combination with a soluble acid. As soon as an opportunity offers to transform the protoxide, by encouraging the absorption of oxygen into an insoluble oxide, it becomes possible, by effecting the removal of the latter, to accomplish the purpose. In the purification of water containing iron, some chemical process is necessary.
Water Treatment methods for removal of various forms of Iron
Aeration: Introducing oxygen to the water source to convert soluble iron to its insoluble form.
Filtration: Media used to entrap and screen out oxidized particles of iron. Usually requires backwashing to remove accumulated iron.
Water Softener: Removal of soluble iron by ion exchange.
Manganese Greensand: An ion exchange sand material which is capable of removing iron. Adsorbs dissolved iron and requires chemical regeneration.
Catalytic Filtration "BIRM": A granular filter medium that enhances the reaction between oxygen and iron and then filters the insoluble iron.
Ozonation: A specialized form of aeration using ozone to convert soluble iron.
Ion Exchange: Substituting an acceptable ion (such as sodium) for soluble iron.
Sequestering: Adding chemical agents to water to keep metals like iron in solution to prevent characteristic red stains.
Chlorination: Chemical oxidizer used to convert soluble iron to an insoluble, filterable form.
Hand Pump attachable iron removal plant
Oxidation followed by filtration is a basis for designing of hand pump attachable Iron Removal Plant. NEERI has developed a simple technology for it & installed several such plants in North Eastern area of India. It is based on contact bed aeration system continuous operation (1 cu m / hour). Precipitation of soluble iron by oxidation with air followed by sedimentation and filtration is relatively simple process used for removal iron from ground water. Sedimentation is a physical water treatment process used to settle out suspended solids in water under the influence of gravity. Based on this process CSIR-NEERI has designed hand pump attachable Iron Removal Plant with 1 m3 per hour hydraulic loading. The plant is suitable for 250 persons with 40 lpcd and 10 hours of operation. The construction is around $1200
The below links may be useful for more details and information
