subject: Matsushita Electric To Recover The Waste After The Waste To Treasure? - Heat Pumps, Compressors, [print this page] In 2007, I visited the site in Hyogo Prefecture, Japan's Matsushita Environmental protection Technology Center (hereinafter referred to Environmental Centre). The center cost 400 million yen, covering nearly 40,000 square meters, was officially opened April 2001, its main business is recycling waste Home Appliances , And recycling technology research, development and demonstration.
Japan is the world's first for the Home Appliance Recycling country specific legislation. May 1998, Japan adopted the "Home Appliance Recycling Law" in April 1, 2001 come into force. The law clearly, recovery appliances include air conditioning, TV Machine, refrigerator (freezer), washing four major categories (in 2009 introduced new LCD TV, plasma TV and clothes dryer). "Appliance manufacturers, retailers and consumers share responsibility for recycling obligations": production company responsible for the reuse of waste household appliances, and re-utilization (recycling of resources, the weight ratio) must meet the required standards. Among them, the TV was 55%, washing machines, refrigerators (freezers) and 50%, 60% for air conditioning; retailers responsible for recycling of waste home appliances, and sent to manufacturers; while consumers pay recycling costs, including collection, transportation and handling charges. Every consumer out of a television, washing machines, air conditioners, refrigerators, to pay 2,835 yen, respectively, 2,520 yen, 2,625 yen and 4,830 yen, according to the current exchange rate announced at between 190 to 364 yuan. Consumers must first fill out a "recycling table," as required to pay the fee and then notify the retailer to phase out home appliances shipped to a recycling plant for dismantling, recycling and reuse. If consumers for unauthorized disposal of used electrical appliances, landfill and other treatment, once discovered, will be punished by heavy fines.
To improve the utilization of recycled materials, environmental protection, waste treatment center in television, washing machines, air conditioners and refrigerators, to take the different categories, step by step and the refinement of line operational methods, specifically the following procedures:
TV: The key is the total weight of 57% TV glass recycling. The first step, remove the tube, remove the tube around the metal reinforcement ring; second step, the decomposition of CRT screen and behind the glass; the third step, to remove impurities in the glass screen, and then smashed into a 5 cm square glass block ; the fourth step, grinding and cleaning the screen behind the glass, and glass block with these remanufactured tubes. Particularly noteworthy, considering that there are leaded CRT glass, not lead two, to improve processing efficiency and material utilization, and environmental protection center has implemented two technical innovations. First, a new high-temperature infrared cutting technology to separate two glass recycling. March 2009, has developed a laser with high efficiency, high-quality cutting CRT recycling technology.
Washing machine: the key to the recovery of iron and Plastic Reuse. The first step, with the conveyor belt washing machines sent to the crusher for crushing; the second step, and wind with the magnetic iron, copper and plastic classification; the third step, after separating selected, the plastic classification; fourth step, from selected a variety of plastic PP (polypropylene). Finally, production of recycled plastic washing machine chassis.
Air conditioning: the key is extracted from the heat exchanger and compressor metal. The first step, using specialized equipment recycling freon refrigerant compressor; the second step, the demolition switches and compressor; the third step, the heat exchanger into a closed room smashing into the metal mixing broken fragments; fourth step, from These mixed debris recycling of iron, copper and aluminum. Lastly, the recovery of iron re-used to produce compressor components; copper and aluminum used to manufacture heat exchanger components.
Fridge: The key is classification of the metal and plastic components selected after the re-use. The first step, artificial to single out the refrigerator plastic parts; the second step, using specialized equipment recycling compressor refrigerant Freon (refrigerators in Japan since 2002, using the natural refrigerant); the third step, the decomposition of the refrigerator into the break room smash ; fourth step, iron, copper, plastics and polyurethane foam and other separation and recovery. Finally, the recovery of iron for the manufacture of compressor components; plastic chassis used in the manufacture refrigerators and so on.
I study, the environmental center's equipment, the total investment of 30 billion yen, when 170 workers busy working on electrical recovery exceed 70 million units. According to reports, a television and can be disassembled from the glass 57% of their weight, 23% plastic, 10% of the steel; an air conditioner may be scrapping the 55% of steel, copper 17%, 11% of the plastic, 7% of aluminum; a refrigerator can be disassembled from 50% steel, 40% of the plastic; a washing machine can be disassembled and 53% steel, 36% of the plastic. A TV can do 68 glass recycling glass, an air conditioner recycling aluminum cans can do 190. In television, refrigerator, air conditioner, washing machine four products, air conditioning dismantling the most out of available resources, and the most money products. It is understood that all the Japanese companies a total of 50 Jiujia Dian recovery, it can handle Jiu Jiadian 12 million units.
Environmental recycling center's remarkable success, the Matsushita Group to promote the recycling economy by entering the "3R" (ie reduction of reduce, recycle recy-cle, re-use reuse) the principles of healthy carriers of the development track. Now, the Panasonic Group's consideration from the design stage to product durability, Energy And then recycling issues, and a more complete "production? Use? Recycling? Then using the" loop system. In order to facilitate future recycling, Panasonic has taken in product design to minimize the type of material and components approach. For example, compared with 1983, the TV types from the 13 kinds of plastic to the present 2, part number from the 39 down to 15. As part reduction, decomposition processing a television time from the last 140 seconds down to 78 seconds.
I found that Panasonic Environmental Technology Centre is not only a successful treatment of waste electrical plant, but also a very good environmental classroom. In this, pupils and students, and visitors can visit the very image of illustrations, props, clear understanding of their unique process of turning waste into wealth.
(Renmin University of China, Department of Economics Associate Professor)
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