Grinding machine plays an important role in the current global competition. Surface finish is the main objective of the machine. It is actually a cutting operation in which each grit that comes in contact with the material cuts out a minute chip, or swarf. Grinding wheels usually consist of particles of a synthetic abrasive, such as silicon carbide or aluminum oxide, mixed with a vitrified or resinoid bonding material. Grinding can be coarse or fine, depending on the size of the grit used in the grinding wheel. Metal and glass can be ground to a mirror finish and an accuracy of 0.0000025 cm (0.000001 in). On a production basis, hundreds of millions of parts per year are routinely ground to an accuracy of 0.001 cm (0.0005 in). This article described a low cost surface finishing machine.
Grinding process
Grinding is a finishing process used to improve surface finish, abrade hard materials, and tighten the tolerance on flat and cylindrical surfaces by removing a small amount of material.
In grinding, an abrasive material rubs against the metal part and removes tiny pieces of material. The abrasive material is typically on the surface of a wheel or belt and abrades material in a way similar to sanding. On a microscopic scale, the chip formation in grinding is the same as that found in other machining processes. The abrasive action of grinding generates excessive heat so that flooding of the cutting area with fluid is necessary.
Description
Grinding machines are machine tools equipped with precision grinding wheels and suitable means for holding, positioning, rotating, or traversing the work piece so that it can be ground to the desired size, shape, and finish. The grinding wheel is mounted on a motor-driven spindle that turns the wheel. Grinding machines are usually classified according to the shape of the work piece being ground, the manner in which it is held or supported, and the structure of the machine. The four types of precision grinding machines are centre-type cylindrical grinders, grinders, internal grinders, and surface grinders.
The main objective of our concept is to produce a low cost surface finish machine. In our project, one end of work piece is held by dock. It is attached with face plate. The face plate runs with the help of a motor. Other end of the work piece is forced by tailstock. Just near to tailstock, there is a sliding carriage. Both longitudinal and transverse movement is possible in this carriage. A motor is attached over the sliding carriage. It is operated by pedal. The shaft of the motor is fitted to a grinding wheel.
Conclusion
When motors run, the grinding wheel is feed against the work piece. Then material is removed from the work piece. Finally, a better surface is obtained. Through this project, we are bringing back a traditional bench winder machine. The main advantages of the project are economical, compact, less space is enough and mass production.
