subject: Injectable polio vaccine into China - polio vaccine - Pharmaceutical industries [print this page] Injectable polio vaccine into China - polio vaccine - Pharmaceutical industries
Has long been the country's first immunization vaccines need to be vaccinated after birth. September 2009 formally introduced our injectable inactivated polio vaccine, oral polio candy as a complement. Experts suggest that an immune deficiency and immunosuppressive agents being used to give priority to children can use the injectable vaccine.
Wild strain of polio is no longer China's domestic reasons to continue to use the vaccine?
Poliomyelitis (polio), commonly known as polio, is a serious infectious diseases affecting human health, the virus often invades the nervous system and can cause total paralysis within hours. Mainly by the faecal-oral transmission, the four seasons can be disease, summer and autumn seasons for the major epidemic. Children under age 5 is the one affected, in infected cases, there is one case for every 200 cases caused permanent disability, 5% -10% of patients because of respiratory muscle paralysis and death.
As highly contagious and the disease of polio after the high-harm, the world has been committed to eliminate polio virus. Global Eradication Initiative was launched from the taboos since the past 20 years, cases have decreased by more than 99% of oral polio vaccine that is commonly known as oral candy made great contributions. Proved for many years, oral sugar pill is safe and effective for the child's physical health has played an important protection. Since 1995, China has no indigenous wild polio strain occurred. At present, our country is to maintain polio-free status.
But why newborns need to continue with oral polio sugar pill? World Health Organization said, "As long as a child was also infected with poliovirus, children in all countries there are still infected with the disease on the risk of poliovirus into polio-free country can easily and quickly without immune population spread. "Between 2003 and 2005, 25 previously polio-free countries due to imports of the virus re-infected. As of 2008, the world remain polio-endemic countries, only four: Afghanistan, India, Nigeria and Pakistan. Epidemics in neighboring countries, but also on the immunization program in China had an impact.
An immune problem children can not take polio candy
Of the last century 60's, live attenuated polio vaccine (OPV) to promote the use in our country, and to prevent polio epidemic has made great achievements. But with the heavy use of the vaccine, the inevitable
Adverse reactions Have increased the number of cases, very few children, after oral polio sugar pill instead lead to disease and even deaths have occurred.
According to Fudan University Children's Hospital Clinical Immunology Laboratory Director Wang Xiaochuan introduction, candy for the oral polio immunization dysplasia, primary immunodeficiency, and those with other diseases, there is a big risk to children.
In primary immunodeficiency disease in patients with humoral immune deficiency is relatively common, prone to pyogenic bacterial infections and intestinal infections. The human body against polio is a major immunological mechanism from humoral immunity, once the primary immunodeficiency disease in patients treated with live attenuated vaccine, there may be vaccine strain infection, severe paralysis or even death occurs. But not all patients with immune deficiency are disease after taking the sugar pill, and some do not occur in patients with severe infections, but may have inadequate immunity against polio. The third is that patients with minor or no obvious clinical manifestations, but the body can not completely remove the vaccine strain of the virus in the long-term status, and may continue to excrete the virus into the surrounding environment, endanger the health of surrounding crowd. If the long-term patients infected strains continue to occur in vivo gene mutation, there may have virulent mutant excreted into the environment after the virulent strain could even result in the outbreak of polio.
Therefore, children who have immune deficiencies can not take polio candy. But the primary immunodeficiency disease severity is difficult to expect that the exact incidence remains unclear.
