subject: Managements,definition of managements [print this page] Managements,definition of managements Managements,definition of managements
The Definition of Management:This management definition is interesting because it traces the root meaning back to the Latin phrase meaning "to lead by the hand". Leading by the hand implies giving direction that is stronger than just a passing suggestion yet still fairly gentle in approach. Leading by the hand also implies that the person doing the leading is first going where the follower is being lead. The leader is not asking the follower to do something he is not willing to do himself.
Functions Of Management:The 4 functions of management are so easy to remember they are a useful pointer for anynew manager and adaptable for existing and more experienced managers to keep them focused and motivated.
Plan: what is to be done, by whom, how and by when? This brings considerations of organisation goals and objectives,planning training (what is to be done and by when), training and health and safety considerations (by who & how).
Organise:Unfortunately, many people confuse organisation with delegation. All managers should be able to organise HOW things are done. Good ones can often leave most of this to staff. (A good manager won't really care what time staff go to lunch as long as a ) they have one and b) continuous cover remains over the lunch period.
What the good manager needs to be able to do is work towards delegating some tasks. Where they actually get a junior member of staff to do part of the management job instead of the manager doing it themselves.The planning might be making 3 items of 11 different sizes, in 14 different colours by the end of the shift.Each widget is quite expensive to make so a good manager will not want to get to near the deadlin and have everything in the same size and colour and none in the other colours and sizes.
Therefore, they need some way of monitoring production, output, staff input etc. This could be as simple as instructing one member of staff to keep tabs on the colour, another on the sizes, another on the safety.
Control: Suppose that the early warning system outlined above worked like clockwork and the manager did receive "early warning" of possible defects. They must have sufficient power to over rule the production process to safely intervene. Without control over the production process, the manager will fail.
Nature/ Characteristics features of principles of management: Nature of management principles stands for special features or characteristics of management principles. Following are the important features of the management principles:
Universal application: Principles of management are applied in every situation, where the objectives are attained through group efforts. All organizations such as social, political, cultural or even religious organizations apply for the successful operations of their activities. Every organization must make the best possible use of its available resources by the application of management principles i.e., planning, organizing, staffing, directing and controlling effectively and achieve the desired result.
Flexibility: Management principles are dynamic guidelines and not satic rules. management helps the business in multiplying its profit at minimum cost. The business situation and its socio-economic environment is enough to suit the size, nature, needs and situations of the business. Improvement and modification of management principles is a continuing process, so the principles of management is always flexible.
General Statement: Management principles are concerned mostly with human behavior which cannot be tested under controlled conditions i.e., a laboratory. Human behavior is always unpredictable. So, management principles are not as exact as the principles of physical science. In this way, the management principles are merely statements.
It influences human behavior: Human element is an essential factor of production. It activities and extracts work form other factor also. Every worker is individually different from the other workers as regards his ability, knowledge, skill, socio-economic status, attitudes and ideologies. Management is concerned with the integration of individual efforts and how to decentralize them towards achieving the desired results. so, management principles is said to be a work and group activity. Thus, management principles aim at influencing individual efforts and directing them to the minimization of profit with the minimum wattage and the best possible utilization of available resources.
Cause and effect relationship:The management principles also form cause and effect relationship. It indicates the consequences of its principles, for instance if wages are paid on the basis of piece-rate system the quantity of work will be more, but the quality will suffer. If the principles of unity of command is adopted, the confusion, duplication and overlapping will be avoided. In the same way, other principles also, indicate the relationship between principles, their consequences and results.
Equal importance:There is no inferiority or superiority between the principles no one principle has greater significance than the other. We cannot say the principles of unity of command is more important than the principle of unity of direction. In this way all the principles of management are equally important.
Careful and discreet application:Principles of management cannot be applied blindly, because there principles are relative, not absolute. Thus these principles should be according to organizational needs and situations.
Decision-making:Management in always concerned with decision making factors of production are scarce and they also have alternative uses. So, management has to decide the best possible combination of available resources, and most suitable techniques of production applied. In this way, management principles are therefore the basis of decision making.
Management principles and its importance:Principles of management are very important for the successful management of organisation in its real situations. These are important guidelines to the management. These principles point out the areas where management should concentrate immediate attention. They simplify the process of management, increase the overall efficiency and help in achieving the desired objective of the business. Following factors are summarized below irrespective of significance of management principles:
It increases the efficiency of the management:Principles of management provides guidelines to the manager for handling complex problems more effectively. It also facilitates managers in performing this duties smoothly. Thus the efficiency of the management is increased and the managers adopts systematic and scientific approach towards the solution of the problem.
It helps in achieving social objective: Management develops spirit of co-operation and co-ordination among workers and their employees. It also helps in the optimum utilization of social resources. It eliminates unnecessary wastage of resources. These days, principles of management are directed at maximum profit without loss of social values. Thus, the management must supply commodities at fair price, not including the adulteration and make payment of reasonable wages to their workers.
It generates sound understanding: The management principles generate sound understanding of the difficult problems of business enterprises. The management applies scientific approach for the solution of the complex problem. In this regard, managing the enterprise and incur wastage of resources.
It directs the areas of training: the principles of management identify the present and prospective areas of management. For this managers should be specially trained. Business situations are themselves difficult and they change considerably with the change in social, political and economic situations. So, the principle of management make significance in finding the areas and impart requisite training program to their executives.
It guides to research work in management: The management principles needed to make guidelines which requires necessary modifications with the changing situations. In order to make management meaningful and practical utility, researchers examine these principles justify this utility and suggest various modification, if necessary.
