subject: Transformers: How They Work, Uses And Applications [print this page] A transformer is an electric device, which is used to transfer energy from one circuit to another using inductively coupled conductor. Transformers generally have four parts consisting of input, output, windings and core. Input connections are connected to the main electrical power. An output connection connects the secondary winding to the load. The windings are divided into primary windings and secondary ones, which are cross coupled to decrease flux. The core is used to reduce loss of energy, which may occur due to heat. Due to the changing currents through both the windings, a powerful magnetic field is created This in turn produces a varying magnetic flux, inducing a varying electromagnetic force(EMF) in the secondary winding. This is called Inductive Coupling. Usually a load is connected to the secondary winding. Thus, there is transfer of energy from the transformers to the load. Transformers can be found in different sizes ranging from a thumbnail-sized coupling transformer hidden inside a stage microphone to huge units weighing hundreds of tons used to interconnect portions of power grids. A single phase transformer is used mainly to supply power to heating requirements, air-conditioning, coolers etc. There is also a three phase power system, which is extremely productive and economical in case a huge amount of power is required. In addition to this, there are three-phase transformers and delta and wye defined transformers with varied configurations and set ups as per their usage and voltage requirements.
The principle of electromagnetic induction which is used in the operations of transformers was put forward by Michael Faraday and Joseph Henry in 1831. Lucien Gaulard and John Dixon Gibbs were scientists who first showcased a device with an open iron core called a "secondary generator" in London in 1882.
There are different types of transformers like auto transformer in which portions of a single winding act as primary and secondary winding, poly phase transformers that are generally 3-phase transformers, other types of transformers include leakage transformer, which has a higher leakage inductance compared to other transformers available. There are also classifications regarding the types of cores used in transformers. Transformer cores can be laminated steel cores, solid cores, toroidal cores which have higher efficiency and air cores. The major application of transformers is to increase voltage when transfer of electrical energy through long distances is required.
Servo voltage stabilizer is a voltage controller that provides optimum output even in extreme conditions of voltage fluctuation. They are used to protect the lives of costly electric devices. It has an efficiency of more than 98%. It helps in increasing the longevity and durability of our electrical equipments, hence reducing any losses due to power trips and excessive heating. They provide a constant correct voltage minimizing any fluctuations through the device. It provides an output voltage without being affected by input imbalance or hazards like variations in current load.Servo Voltage stabilizer has an operating system that can either be automatic or manually programmed. They have control cards by which they can be controlled online. They have fully solid state control circuit. Other advantages are that they do not exhibit wave form distortion. Many servo voltage stabilizers have features of over voltage and under voltage protection. When the load current remains at a value higher than the rated value, the unit will automatically be switched off. They usually have a built in spike suppressor. Other options like a Single Phasing Preventor for three phase units can be added. Applications of servo voltage stabilizers include computers, photocopier, elevators, medical equipment and the various devices that we use on a day to day basis.
We must use Servo Stabilizer against fluctuations of the mains voltage and for better life of our electronic devices.
